NME 2.20 Flashcards
1
Q
what types of cells are on the epithelium of crypts?
A
- stem cell
- endocrine cell
- columnar epithelial cell
- paneth cell
- absorptive cell
- goblet cell
2
Q
what is paneth cell for?
A
- secrete neutrophils for immune function
3
Q
what are goblet cells for?
A
- secrete mucus
4
Q
are carbohydrates absorbed as monosaccharides, disaccharides or polysaccharides?
A
monosaccharides
5
Q
what is glucose + galactose?
A
lactose
6
Q
what is fructose + glucose
A
sucrose
7
Q
how to differentiate alpha and beta glucose?
A
- the H group is above for alpha glucose
- the H group is below
8
Q
how does amylopectin do the branching?
A
- by the alpha 1,6 glycosidic bond
9
Q
why SGLT1 cannot absorb fructose?
A
- there is not good affinity for fructose
10
Q
which transport molecule helps with absorption of fructose?
A
- GLUT5
11
Q
which transport molecule help with absorption of glucose and galactose?
A
- SGLT1
12
Q
which transport molecule help with absorption at basolateral of the cell?
A
- GLUT2
13
Q
what is colonic digestion?
A
- digestion by bacterial enzymes which produced short chain fatty aicds
14
Q
what is lactose intolerance?
A
- when the lactase is deficient
- therefore lactose cannot be broken down
- there is increased breath of hydrogen gas due to bacterial digestion
15
Q
what is glucose-galactose malabsorption?
A
- defective intestinal SGLT1
- glucose and galactose not absorbed
- cause osmotic diarrhoea
- increase breath of hydrogen gas because of bacterial digestion
- sodium ions also not absorbed
