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MCAT > Personality Diff Perspectives > Flashcards

Personality Diff Perspectives Flashcards

1
Q

Libido

A

life instinct

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2
Q

death instinct

A

aggressive behaviors fueled by unconscious wish to die, hurt oneself, or others

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3
Q

Id

A

Pleasure Principle. Reduce pain, tension, gain pleasure. No logic/moral reasoning

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4
Q

Ego

A

reality principle. use logical thinking to control consciousness and ID

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5
Q

Superego

A

inhibits id and influences ego. strives for perfection

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6
Q

Ego Defense Mechanisms

A

used to cope with anxiety and protect ego. unconsciously deny or distort reality

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7
Q

Psychosexual Stages

A

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

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8
Q

Oral psychosexual stage

A

sensual pleasure such as sucking and chewing

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9
Q

Anal Psychosexual Stage

A

sensual pleasure through control of elimination

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10
Q

Phallic Psychosexual Stage

A

Attraction to opp sex. Oedipus and Electra complexes

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11
Q

Latency Psychosexual Stage

A

Interest in school, friends, sports

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12
Q

Genital Psychosexual Stage

A

begins in adolescence. life/sexual energy fuel activity

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13
Q

Goal of Psychoanalytic Therapy

A

help patient become aware of his/her unconscious motives. Talk Therapy

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14
Q

Humanistic Perspective

A

Focus on healthy personality development. seen as inherently good.

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15
Q

Actualizing Tendency

A

an innate drive to maintain and enhance the organism

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16
Q

Self-Actualization

A

realizing his or her potential as long as no obstacle intervenes

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17
Q

Self-Concept

A

Conscious, subjective perceptions, and beliefs about him/herself

18
Q

Incongruence

A

encounter experiences in life that contradict self-concepts

19
Q

Goal of Humanistic Therapy

A

Provide environment that will help clients accept themselves and emotional reactions so they can learn and grow

20
Q

Behaviorist Perspective

A

personality is result of learned behavior patterns based on a person’s environment

21
Q

Deterministic Perspective

A

people start as blank slate. Subsequent reinforcement/Punishment shapes personality

22
Q

Goal of Behavioral Therapy

A

Use conditioning to shape a client’s behavior in a desired direction

23
Q

Shaping

A

Reinforcing by with smaller amounts until goal is reached

24
Q

ABC Model

A

Functional Assessment to determine antecedents of behavior, and consequences of behavior. Therapy aims to change antecedents and consequences

25
Q

Social Cognitive Perspective

A

Personality is formed by reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors. Vicarious learning

26
Q

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A

Person’s feelings and behaviors are seen as reaction to person’s thoughts about those events

27
Q

Goal of CBT

A

help client become aware of irrational thoughts and substitute rational ones

28
Q

Trait Perspective

A

Trait theory focus on identifying, describing, measuring, and comparing individual differences and similarities with respect to those traits

29
Q

Surface Traits

A

triats evident from behavior

30
Q

Source Traits

A

abstract traits such as extroversion or introversion

31
Q

Raymond Catell 5 global factors (source traits)

A

Extroversion, Anxiety, Receptivity, Accomodation, Self-Control

32
Q

McCrae and Costa Five Factor model

A

Extroverion, Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness. Used for career assessments

33
Q

Biological Perspective

A

Personality is due to biology

34
Q

Hans Eysneck bio perspective

A

inidividual differences in reticular formation gives level of extroversion and introversion. Neuroticism is based on limbic system differences

35
Q

Jeffrey Alan Gray Bio Perspective

A

Personality governed by Sympathetic NS(fear), Behavior Inhibition System (Worry), Behavioral Approach System. (impulsivity)

36
Q

C Robert Cloninger Bio Perspective

A

Brain systems are related to reward, motivation, and punishment. Record level of Neurotransmitters.

37
Q

If one is low on dopamine, they seem to be more

A

impulsive. Cloninger

38
Q

If one is low on serotonin, they seem to be more

A

likely to avoid risks. Cloninger

39
Q

If one is low on norepinephrine, they seem to be more

A

approval seeking and dependent on rewards. Cloninger

40
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization

MCAT (46 decks)

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