Attribution

Question 1

Attribution Theory

Answer 1

rooted in social psych and attempts to explain how individuals view behavior, both our own and others

Question 2

Dispositional Attribution

Answer 2

attribute behavior to internal causes

Question 3

Situational Attribution

Answer 3

attribute behavior to external causes

Question 4

How do we attribute behavior?

Answer 4

through consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus

Question 5

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 5

Underestimate impact of situation and overestimate impact of a person’s character or quality. blame behavior on the internal factors

Question 6

Actor-Observer Bias

Answer 6

tendency to blame our actions on the situation and blame actions of others on personalities.

Question 7

Self Serving Bias

Answer 7

tendency to attribute success to ourselves and failures to others or external environment

Question 8

Optimism Bias

Answer 8

belief that bad things happen to other people but not us

Question 9

Just World Phenomenon

Answer 9

World is fair and people get what they deserve. Good/bad things happen because of actions

Question 10

Halo Effect

Answer 10

tendency to believe people have inherently good or bad natures rather than looking at individual characteristics

Question 11

Physical Attractiveness Stereotype

Answer 11

Specific type of halo effect; people tend to rate attractive individuals more favorable for personality traits and characteristics that they do for those who are less attractive

Question 12

Social Cognition

Answer 12

Ability of brain to store and process information regarding social perception

Question 13

False Consensus

Answer 13

when we assume everyone agrees with what we do

Question 14

Projection Bias

Answer 14

When we assume others have same beliefs as we do

Question 15

Stereotypes

Answer 15

oversimplified ideas about groups of people, based on characteristics

Question 16

Prejudice

Answer 16

thoughts, attitudes, and feelings someone holds about a group of people that are not based on experience

Question 17

Discrimination

Answer 17

The way someone treats a group of people due to beliefs

Question 18

Illusory Correlation

Answer 18

attributing one trait of a famous individual to a group and generalizing to everyone in the group (Since MJ is good at basketball, all black people are good at basketball)

Question 19

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 19

behaviors that affirm original stereotypes

Question 20

Stereotype Threat

Answer 20

self-fulfilling fear that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

Question 21

Cultural Relativism

Answer 21

judging another culture based on its own standards

Question 22

Aggregate

Answer 22

People who exist in same place but do not interact or share common sense of identity

Question 23

Group

Answer 23

Actively interact in same place sharing norms, values, and expectations

Question 24

Category

Answer 24

people who share similar characteristics but are not tied together

Question 25

Primary Groups

Answer 25

play a more important role in individual’s life. Usually smaller. more emotional, long term connection

Question 26

Secondary Groups

Answer 26

larger and impersonal and may interact for specific reasons for shorter periods of time. Pragmatic needs

Question 27

Social Facilitation Effect

Answer 27

do better on simple tasks in presence of other people

Question 28

Deindividuation

Answer 28

High degree of arousal and very low sense of responsibility results in different behavior than usual due to larger group, masking, or arousing activities

Question 29

Group Polarization

Answer 29

leads one side to the extreme by informational and normative influences

Question 30

Informational Influence

Answer 30

Ideas that occur are the ones with the dominant viewpoint

Question 31

Normative Influence

Answer 31

accepted ideas in group polarization are due to social desirability

Question 32

Social Comparison

Answer 32

evaluating opinions and comparing them to others