KAPLAN 1 Psych/Soc

Question 1

Fundamental attribution error refers to?

Answer 1

The tendency to reduce the influence of external factors while over emphasizing the role of internal characteristic such as personality.

Question 2

Defensive attribution refers to?

Answer 2

Defensive attribution is used to describe a set of beliefs that alleviate concern over the chances of something negative happening.

i.e A woman blames another woman who was raped.

Question 3

Self-effacing bias refers to?

Answer 3

Describes the tendency to attribute success to EXTERNAL factors.

Question 4

Ethical research guidelines place great emphasis on what?

Answer 4

Ethical research guidelines place great emphasis on informed consent PRIOR to the commencement of a study if there is potential for emotional or physical harm to the participants in the study.

Question 5

What does the demand characteristic referred to?

Answer 5

Demand characterizes refer to the circumstances when participants guess the hypothesis of the study and change their behavior to match that the hypothesis or to deny it
.

Question 6

Observational error refers to?

Answer 6

Observational error is the error between a true value and its observed value.

Question 7

A systematic error refers to?

Answer 7

Refers to errors measurement that often come from the instruments

Question 8

The Hawthorne effect refers to?

Answer 8

In the Hawthorne effect participants change their behavior because they are aware that they are being observed.

Question 9

The social cognitive perspective refers to?

Answer 9

The social cognitive perspective holds that part of an individual’s knowledge is derived from observing others within social and personal experiences or media influences.

Question 10

Personal deindividuation refers to?

Answer 10

Refers to people performing actions they normally would not because of the group mentality.

Question 11

Social conformity refers to?

Answer 11

Social conformity is a term used to describe the influence of social setting on behavior.

Question 12

What does symbolic interactionism refers to?

Answer 12

Symbolic interactionism seeks to study the effects of social construct on individuals. Particularly, how those constructs affect the roles individuals take in society.

Question 13

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 13

This disorder of borderline personality disorder often comes with attention seeking behavior.

Question 14

Addiction is considered to be?

Answer 14

A personal deviance

Question 15

Erick Erickson theories of development

Answer 15

Several

Question 16

Kohlberg theories of moral development

Answer 16

Three stages

Question 17

Conflict theory refers to?

Answer 17

Anger or dissatisfaction based on inequality

Question 18

What is a violation of social mores?

Answer 18

A set of moral norms or customs derived from generally accepted practices. Mores derive from the established practices of a society rather than its written laws.

Strictly held beliefs about behaviors.

Question 19

What a violation of social folkways refers to?

Answer 19

A custom or belief common to members of society a violation of the behavior expected in a very specific circumstance.

Expectation of how we act.

Question 20

Lamarckian inheritance refers to?

Answer 20

The idea that biological traits could be modified during an individuals lifetime. Also, that particular physical characteristics will grow stronger or wither depending on their use. It was proven to be wrong, and to apply to cultural evolution more than biological.

Question 21

Major depressive disorder involves

Answer 21

The present of symptoms for over two weeks accompanied by suicidal thoughts and depressed mood.