5B - Acquired Brain Injuries

Question 1

Acquired brain Injuries

Answer 1

It helps distinguish brain injuries that happen after birth (like from accidents or diseases such as Parkinson’s) from neurodevelopmental disorders people are born with, like ASD or ADHD.

Question 2

Traumatic Brain Injury

Answer 2

Damage to the brain caused by an external force.
eg injuries

Question 3

Non-traumatic brain injury

Answer 3

Damage to the brain caused by internal factors, such as a lack of oxygen or a tumour.
eg stroke

Question 4

What is aphasia, and what causes it?

Answer 4

Aphasia is a language problem caused by brain injury. It often happens after a stroke, but can also be from a tumour, infection, head injury, or dementia.

Question 5

What is Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 5

Broca’s aphasia (non-fluent aphasia) makes it hard to speak clearly. People understand others but speak in short, simple words and leave out grammar. - They know they have the condition.

Question 6

What is Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 6

Wernicke’s aphasia (fluent aphasia) affects understanding language. People speak clearly and fluently, but their words often don’t make sense.
- They usually don’t realize they have the condition.

Question 7

What are the key symptoms of a stroke?

Answer 7

• Numbness/weakness on one side of face or body
• Slurred speech
• Trouble walking or loss of balance
• Vision problems in one or both eyes

Question 8

How is stroke diagnosed and treated?

Answer 8

Diagnosis:
-Physical exam
-Blood tests
-Neuroimaging (CT/MRI)

Treatment:
No repair for brain damage → Focus on rehabilitation (re-learn lost skills)