5th Grade - SCIENCE - Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of the earth?

Answer 1

crust, mantle and core

Question 2

Scientists who study the nonliving parts of the earth are called _______.

Answer 2

geologists

Question 3

Scientists believe that the _____, the center of the earth, is very hot and under extreme pressure.

Answer 3

core

Question 4

The _____ makes up most of the earth’s mass.

Answer 4

mantle

Question 5

The _____ is made of hot, melted rock called magma.

Answer 5

mantle

Question 6

Magma that comes through cracks in the surface of the earth is called _____.

Answer 6

lava

Question 7

The thin, outer layer of the earth is called _____.

Answer 7

crust

Question 8

Bits of weathered rock, called _____ are moved by erosion and often settle at the bottom of bodies of water.

Answer 8

sediment

Question 9

Particles in the soil that were once part of a living thing are known as _____.

Answer 9

organic

Question 10

Made of things that have never been alive.

Answer 10

inorganic substance

Question 11

An inorganic substance found naturally in the earth.

Answer 11

mineral

Question 12

Color of the mark made when a mineral sample is rubbed on a harder surface.

Answer 12

streak

Question 13

Orderly arrangement of the particles that make up a mineral.

Answer 13

crystal structure

Question 14

Color seen when you look at a mineral.

Answer 14

color

Question 15

Breaking of a mineral along a smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets.

Answer 15

cleavage

Question 16

Ability of a mineral to resist scratching.

Answer 16

Hardness

Question 17

Way a mineral reflects light.

Answer 17

Luster

Question 18

True or False

A mineralogist is a scientist who studies minerals.

Answer 18

true

Question 19

True or False

A mineral like quartz does not break along a straight line. The uneven breaking into many directions is called fracture.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

The hardness of minerals is decided by comparing the results of a scratch test to the _____ scale.

Answer 20

Mohs

Question 21

True or False

The body uses minerals to grow and function properly.

Answer 21

true

Question 22

The thin, outer layer of the earth is called ______

Answer 22

crust

Question 23

The _____ is the center of the earth.

Answer 23

core

Question 24

The _____ makes up most of the earth’s mass and is made of hot melted rock.

Answer 24

mantle

Question 25

An inorganic substance found naturally in the earth is called _____.

Answer 25

a mineral

Question 26

If a substance is _____, it is made of up things that were never alive.

Answer 26

inorganic

Question 27

_____ is the characteristic of a mineral to break along smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets

Answer 27

cleavage

Question 28

The color of the mark made when a mineral sample is scratched on a harder surface is the ____ of that mineral.

Answer 28

streak

Question 29

_____ is the way that a mineral reflects light.

Answer 29

luster

Question 30

The ability of a mineral to resist scratching is called _____.

Answer 30

hardness

Question 31

A hard natural substance made of one or more minerals is call _____.

Answer 31

a rock

Question 32

True or False Scientists believe that the core of the earth is very cold.

Answer 32

false

Question 33

True or False A geologist studies nonliving parts of the earth.

Answer 33

true

Question 34

True or False The hot melted rock that makes up the mantle of the earth is called lava.

Answer 34

false

Question 35

True or False The body uses minerals to grow and function properly.

Answer 35

true

Question 36

True or False Something that is synthetic is man-made

Answer 36

true

Question 37

True or False If a substance is a mineral, it cannot be a metal.

Answer 37

false

Question 38

True or False Metals are usually found in rocks called ores.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

A type of metamorphic rock

Answer 39

slate

Question 40

A rock that forms from decayed plant matter

Answer 40

coal

Question 41

A type of sediment rock

Answer 41

limestone

Question 42

The loose material on the surface of the earth

Answer 42

soil

Question 43

A type of igneous rock

Answer 43

obsidian

Question 44

The Mohs scale is used to determine the hardness of ______.

Answer 44

minerals

Question 45

______ _______ is formed by heat and pressure deep below the earth's crust.

Answer 45

Metamorphic rock

Question 46

A mineral that can be cut and polished for use is called a _______.

Answer 46

gemstone

Question 47

__________ _______ forms when layers of sediment and organic material harden.

Answer 47

Sedimentary rock

Question 48

_______ _______ is formed from volcanic magma or lava.

Answer 48

Igneous rock

Question 49

_____ are sometimes combined to increase their strength.

Answer 49

Metals.