6 Flashcards
(29 cards)
refer to the visual strategies used by artists, in conjunction with the elements of arts – for expressive purposes (Fichner-Rathus, 2008).
Principles of Design
- ____________ in visual design means all parts of the visual image relate to and complement each other. ___________ is the use of related elements.
- It’s about repetition and a relationship between elements. This creates a sense of connection between the objects, creating a sense of flow.
- ____________ is one of the most important aspects when it comes to principles of art
- _____________ is the visually satisfying effect of combining similar or related elements.
Harmony
Principles of Design include:
Harmony
Balance
Rhythm
Emphasis
Proportion
Unity
Simplicity
Clarity
Contrast
Variety
- is organized movement, a beat, a repetition.
- is often the use of regular, evenly distributed elements – they could occur in slow, fast, smooth or jerky intervals, and this tells you something about the feelings invoked.
RHYTHM
help the eye to move easily from one part of the room to another or from one part of a design to another (Sanchez, et al., 2009).
Rhythmical patterns
- Donald Judd’s sculpture in particular was based on the repetition of simple geometric shapes mounted on walls or set on the floor in a steady, evenly spaced pattern.
- Minimalism. An abstract art movement begun in the 1960s that emphasizes the use of pure and simple shapes and materials.
Regular Repetition
- A means of creating rhythm in which elements of a composition are duplicated at orderly or fixed intervals.
- The easiest and most precise way to create rhythm.
- was a core property of Minimalist artists, of which Flavin was one.
Regular Repetition
- a type of rhythm in which different elements in a work repeat themselves in predictable order.
- describes an artwork that contains a repetition of two or more components that are used interchangeably. Some alternating rhythm examples include alternating light and dark colors or placing various shapes and/or colors in a repeating pattern.
Alternating rhythm
- Minor variations in rhythm can add interest to a composition.
- Such variations are seen in ________________, in which the rhythm of elements of a work of art such as shape, texture, or color change slightly as they move, or progress toward a defined point in the composition.
- Some ________________ examples include building blocks arranged from smallest to largest and spirals. Describes an artwork that contains repeating elements without a specified order or arrangement. Some random rhythm examples include splatters of paint or shells on a beach.
Progressive Rhythm
- is the concept of visual equilibrium, and relates to our physical sense of balance. It is a reconciliation of opposing forces in a composition that results in visual stability.
- Most successful compositions achieve balance in one of three ways: symmetrically. or asymmetrically and radial
Balance
example of balance
work of Leonardo da Vinci.
Study of Human Proportion: The Vitruvian Man (1492) Pen and Ink drawing (13 ½” x 9 ¾”).
types of balance
symmetrical balance
asymmetrical balance
Radial Balance
the type of balance in which the elements of a work are balanced by similarity of form or arrangement on either side of a dividing line or plane, or to correspondence of parts, as in size, shape, or position.
Symmetrical Balance
the type of balance in which there are more than slight differences between the divided areas of a work, yet there is an overall sense of balance.
Asymmetrical Balance
is when objects are distributed all around a central point
Radial balance
- can be described as having equal “weight” on equal sides of a centrally placed fulcrum. It may also be referred to as formal balance.
- When the elements are arranged equally on either side of a central axis, the result is Bilateral symmetry. This axis may be horizontal or vertical. It is also possible to build formal balance by arranging elements equally around a central point, resulting in radial symmetry.
Symmetrical balance
- is an extension of these first two principles: it is when contrast, placement, size, color, or other features are used to highlight one object, area, or other elements of the artwork.
- This is used to draw attention – a focal point – or accentuate a feature.
Emphasis
“All emphasis is no emphasis”
Lines that lead the eye to a focal point.
Directional line
example of emphasis by directional lines
Oskar Schlemmer Bauhaus Stairway (1932) Oil on canvas (63 7/8” x 45”)
types of Emphasis
- Emphasis by Directional Lines
- EMPHASIS BY ISOLATION
In art, ______________ . It suggests that the parts of a composition are there by happenstance; rather, they fit together to form a meaningful whole (Fichner-Rathus, 2008).
unity implies harmony
Here a group of performers is found standing silently within a barren landscape. Even though there are many of them and they are dressed in their costumes, they are less likely to draw the viewer’s eye than the delicately rendered woman in “street clothes,” who is seated apart in the lower right and looks beyond the edge of the canvas (Fichner-Rathus,2008).
Pablo Picasso. Family of Saltimbanques (1905) Oil on canvas (83 3/4” x 90 3/8”).
example of emphasis by isolation
Pablo Picasso. Family of Saltimbanques (1905) Oil on canvas (83 3/4” x 90 3/8”).
- Not to be confused with harmony, _________ is the overall cohesion of the work.
- You might achieve this through any kind of grouping of objects.
- Any kind of similarity will help to strengthen the sense of unity you feel when looking at a series of objects.
Unity
