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Oral Pathology 2020 > Chapter 8 Physical and chemical injuries > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Physical and chemical injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Where is linea alba located?

A

-Occlusal plane on the buccal mucosa

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2
Q

What is linea alba associated with?

A
  • Sucking trauma
  • Pressure
  • Irritation
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3
Q

T/F Linea alba is typically bilateral

A

True

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4
Q

What is the scientific term for chronic cheek chewing?

A

-Morsicatio buccarum

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5
Q

If you have chronic lip chewing what is that called?

A

-Morsicatio labiorum

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6
Q

If you have chronic tongue chewing what is that called?

A

-Morsicatio linguarum

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7
Q

What does morsicatio (just epithelial) appear as?

A
  • Thickened

- Shredded white areas

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8
Q

Where are the most common injuries for traumatic ulcerations?

A
  • Lips
  • Tongue
  • Buccal mucosa
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9
Q

What can develop immediately adjacent to the traumatic ulceration?

A

-Rolled white border of hyperkeratosis

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10
Q

What do traumatic ulcers in the mouth appear as?

A

-Erythema surrounding a central removable, yellow fibrinopurulent membrane

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11
Q

What is a unique form of chronic traumatic ulceration termed?

A
  • Eosinophilic ulceration

- TUGSE (Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia)

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12
Q

Where would you expect to find a lot of eosinophils from TUGSE?

A

-Tongue (because of the muscle damage)

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13
Q

What does Eosinophilic ulcerations exhibit?

A

-Deep pseudoinvasive inflammatory process and is slow to resolve

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14
Q

What are chronic ulcerations found under the tongue of an infant due to nursing known as?

A

-Riga-Fede disease

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15
Q

How can you tell the difference between cancer and ulcers?

A

-Cancers are usually not perfectly symmetrical where ulcers are symmetrical

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16
Q

What is the treatment for traumatic ulcerations?

A
  • Remove source of injury if possible
  • Medications for pain relief
  • Biopsy is warranted in cases that do not resolve after 2-4 weeks
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17
Q

What are the two types of electrical burns?

A
  • Contact

- Arc

18
Q

What do most thermal burns in the oral cavity arise from?

A

-Ingestion of hot foods or beverages

19
Q

What do thermal burns appear as?

A

-Zones of erythema and ulceration

20
Q

What does the electrical burn appear as?

A

-Painless, charred, yellow area that doesn’t bleed

21
Q

What can occur when patients hold medications within their mouths rather than swallow them?

A

-Chemical injuries

22
Q

What are some medications associated with chemical injuries?

A
  • Aspirin
  • Bisphosphonates
  • Chlorpromazine
  • Promazine
23
Q

What other dental related things can cause chemical injuries?

A
  • Tooth-whitening products
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Silver nitrate
  • Certain endodontic materials
  • Cotton rolls (pseudo burn)
24
Q

Noninfectious oral complication of antineoplastic therapy has what tissues that are targeted?

A

-Tissues with rapid turnover

25
Q

How many pts receiving Head and neck radiation have oral ramifications?

A

100% (noninfectious oral complication of antineoplastic therapy)

26
Q

What are the predominant problems associated with noninfectious oral complication of antineoplastic therapy?

A
  • Mucositis

- Hemorrhage

27
Q

What is a hemorrhage secondary to?

A

-Thrombocytopenia (from bone marrow suppression)

28
Q

What are the most common presentations of hemorrhage?

A
  • Oral petechiae

- Ecchymosis

29
Q

What does mucositis appear as?

A

-White discoloration from a lack of sufficient desquamation of keratin

30
Q

Besides mucositis and hemorrhage what else can occur from cancer therapy?

A
  • Xerostomia
  • Loss of taste
  • Osteoradionecrosis
  • Trismus
  • Developmental abnormalities
31
Q

What treatment do you do for xerostomia?

A
  • Topical fluoride

- Sialagogues

32
Q

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is caused by what?

A

-Bisphosphonates

33
Q

What are bisphosphonates used for?

A
  • Inhibit osteoclasts
  • Interfere with angiogenesis
  • Slow osseous involvement of cancer
  • Paget’s disease
  • Reverse osteoporosis
34
Q

How long do second generation bisphosphonates have for a half life?

A

-Ten years

35
Q

If a patient comes in and has been taking oral bisphosphonates what is their risk of getting BRONJ?

A

-1/100,000

36
Q

If a patient comes in and has been getting IV bisphosphonates what is their risk of getting BRONJ?

A

6-8 %

37
Q

T/F Routine dental therapy should be modified on patients taking oral bisphosphonates

A

False

-Probably Should not be modified

38
Q

What are the two most common reasons to take Oral BP?

A
  • Osteoporosis

- Osteopenia

39
Q

What is the definition of MRONJ (medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw)?

A
  • Current or previous treatment with anti-resorptive or anti-angiogenic agents
  • Exposed bone that can be probed through an intraoral or extraoral fistula in the maxillofacial region that has persisted for longer than 8 weeks
  • No history of radiation therapy to the jaws or metastatic disease to the jaws
40
Q

What are two medications associated with MRONJ?

A
  • Zoledrunate

- Denosumab

41
Q

What is the biggest factor for getting MRONJ?

A

-Dentoalveolar treatment is a major risk

42
Q

Does the maxilla or mandible have a higher chance of getting MRONJ?

A

-Mandible

Oral Pathology 2020 (38 decks)

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