Discourse Structure🍐

Question 1

Discourse markers

Answer 1

Words used to signpost that what is said can be followed by the listener or reader

Question 2

Adjacency pairs

Answer 2

When speech is linked systematically together when you have two or more people speaking together

Question 3

Cohesive markers

Answer 3

A type of discourse marker that reflects chronology

Question 4

Anaphoric reference

Answer 4

When a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text

Question 5

Cataphoric reference

Answer 5

When the antecedent noun comes after the pronouns used

Question 6

Overlap

Answer 6

When the listener uses minimal responses to show understanding or that they are listening

Question 7

Interruption

Answer 7

When the listener talks over the speaker

Question 8

Non-fluency features

Answer 8

Include false starts, repetition, fillers, pauses, elision, overlap and interruptions

Question 9

Anecdote

Answer 9

Story telling

Question 10

Quotatives

Answer 10

When telling anecdotes, using phrases such as ‘I was like’, ‘she went’, ‘so I go’, etc.

Question 11

False starts/interrupted constructions

Answer 11

Reformulating sentences

Question 12

Broken discourse

Answer 12

Text structure is disconnected

Question 13

Conditional clauses

Answer 13

Clauses that begin with ‘if’ or ‘unless’

Question 14

Relative clauses

Answer 14

A type of subordinate clause which uses who, that or which

Question 15

Pre-closing sequences

Answer 15

The utterances before the valediction in a telephone conversation

Question 16

Enumeration

Answer 16

Numbers and bullet points

Question 17

Phatic tokens

Answer 17

Ways of showing status by orienting comments to oneself, to the other, or to the general situation.
Types of phatic talk

Question 18

Self-oriented

Answer 18

Phatic tokens are personal to the speaker

E.g. ‘I’m not up to this’

Question 19

Other-oriented

Answer 19

Phatic tokens are related to the hearer

E.g. ‘do you work here?’

Question 20

Neutral

Answer 20

Phatic tokens refer to the context or general state of affairs
E.g. ‘cold, isn’t it?’

Question 21

Expositions

Answer 21

The opening of stories

Question 22

Intertextuality

Answer 22

Where one text is influenced by another or a text mentions another

Question 23

Chiasmus

Answer 23

A parallel expression that creates a rhythmic discourse

E.g. never let a fool kiss you and never let a kiss fool you

Question 24

Translation (intertextuality)

Answer 24

Translating work from one language to another

Question 25

Plagiarism (intertextuality)

Answer 25

When a writer will use it very closely copy the language/work of others without citing or quoting them, thus claiming it as their own work

Question 26

Quotation (intertextuality)

Answer 26

Repetition of one expression as part of another one

Question 27

Allusion (intertextuality)

Answer 27

A reference to something well-known, such as a person, place, event, story, work of art, literature, music, or pop culture

Question 28

Parody (intertextuality)

Answer 28

Mocks another text for comic value, for an entertaining purpose.
Creates shared knowledge.
Often uses texts/videos under media attention.

Question 29

Pastiche (intertextuality)

Answer 29

Imitates the style of character of one or more artists.

E.g. song covers

Question 30

What is the common theme of the types of intertextuality?

Answer 30

They create a shared knowledge with the reader

Question 31

Cohesive devices

Answer 31

Words which signal discourse

E.g. firstly, secondly, next