adrenergic drugs Flashcards
what are the mechanisms of action for adrenergic drugs
?
Directly act on postsynaptic alpha1 or beta-adrenergic receptors
- Indirectly adrenergic effects by releasing stored norepinephrine or inhibition of reuptake in the synapse
- Mixed acting is a combination of direct and indirect stimulation
what does alpha 1 do”? **
vasoconstriction resulting in increased blood pressure and decreased nasal congestion
what does beta 1 do? *
cardiac stimulation resulting in increased myocardial contraction and increased heart rate
what does beta 2 do? **
vasodilation resulting in increased blood flow to heart, brain, skeletal muscle
indications for use of adrenergic drugs? ***
**Emergency drugs used in treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory and allergic disorders.
**Cardiac stimulants and increase blood pressure
**Bronchodilation and decrease nasal congestion
**Vasoconstriction of respiratory tract, skin and other tissues to relieve edema
**Relaxation of uterus and inhibition of contractions
Prolong anesthesia
Topical use: Hemostasis and mydriasis
contraindications of use of adrenergics? *
**Cardiac dysrhythmias, angina, hypertension, hyperthyroidism and CV disease
Narrow-angle glaucoma
Hypersensitivity
Not to be used with local anesthesia for distal areas
Second stage of labor
Used with caution in clients with anxiety, insomnia and psychiatric disorders
what does epi (adrenalin) do? **
Prototype: Increases BP, vasodilation and ***increased blood flow to skeletal muscles, heart and brain. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
Ephedrine- Mixed Alpha1 and Beta receptors causing release of norepinephrine
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)- related drug with similar actions as ephedrine
what does isoproterenol do?
Acts on B1 and B2 receptors
Stimulate the heart, dilate blood vessels in skeletal muscle and relax bronchial smooth muscle
Used as a cardiac stimulant in heart block and cardiogenic shock
in what cases would you use isoproterenol?
Implementation
Preventing infection
Promoting skin integrity
what is phenylephrine?
Alpha adrenergic
Vasoconstriction decreases cardiac output and renal perfusion while increasing PVR and BP
Decreases nasal congestion and mydriasis
nursing assessment prior to admin of adrenergic? **
*Assessment (especially vital signs) Allergic disorders Asthma Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders Cardiovascular status
what are some specific disorders that adrenerigcs are used for
Anaphylaxis
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Hypotension and shock
Nasal congestion
what drugs do epi and phenylephrine interact with? what does this cause?
***Assess for drug interactions: epinephrine and phenylephrine interact with MAOI’s -> severe hypertension
