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HORT 1047 Horticulture 1 > Quiz 6: Photsyn/ Respiration > Flashcards

Quiz 6: Photsyn/ Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

T or F , both plants and humans respire and photosynthesize

A

false; only plants

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2
Q

autotroph

A

organism that can synthesize their own food from non-living compounds

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3
Q

heterotroph

A

organism that must consume food that is ready made

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4
Q

describe formula cellular respiration

A

chemical breakdown of food substances, resulting in libration of energy
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)
* consume O and release CO2 and energy

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5
Q

where does cellular respiration take place

A

mitochondria

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6
Q

what is optimum temp for respiration ?

A

0 - 45 C

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7
Q

describe cellular respiration

A

transformation chemical energy in food into chemical energy cells can use aka ATP

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8
Q

t or f : respiration increases during flowering stage

A

true

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9
Q

t or f respiration is less significant in woody than herbaceous plants

A

true

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10
Q

describe photosynthesis

A

process in which light energy is used to form food from CO2 and water

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11
Q

where does photosynthesis take place?

A

chloroplasts (plastid)

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12
Q

describe chemical reaction of photosynthesis

A

6H2O + 6CO2 +energy (sunlight) –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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13
Q

what chemical formula of carbohydrates

A

C6H12O6

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14
Q

how is CHO used by plants?

A
  1. source immed energy to function, grow, reproduce
  2. energy reserves ex before winter
  3. formation of plant tissues ; sugars transformed to proteins, lipids, produce leaves, wood ect
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15
Q

what factors influence photosynthesis

A
  1. temperature: stops below 0C
  2. Concentration of CO2 in air ; more CO2 in air = more photo.
  3. intense light; more light= more photo.
  4. leaf surface area exposed to light ex. lower leaves thinner and longer
  5. availability of water in soil
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16
Q

what is optimum temp for photosynthesis

A

20 -35C

17
Q

what are 2 stages of photosynthesis

A
  1. light dependent reaction: captures energy in light and uses to split H2O and make ATP and NADPH
  2. Calvin cycles : captures CO2 and uses products of light reaction to produce CHO
18
Q

describe carbon fixation, when does it occur

A

Calvin cycle; ATP & NADPH generated in first step used to take CO2 and break apart, reassemble carbons into glucose
ie take carbon from inorganic molecule and make organic

19
Q

what is light

A

energy in form of electric and magnetic fields (electromagentic radiation)

20
Q

what light wave does plants relfect ie not absorb

A

green ( 500-550 nm)

21
Q

why are plants green

A

photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll reflects green and yellow wavelengths

22
Q

what are the 4 photosynthetic pigments and where are they found

A
  1. chlorophyll a - green chloroplasts
  2. chlorophyll b- green chloroplasts
  3. carotene- orange yellow - chromoplasts
  4. xanthophylls yellow to colourless chromoplasts
23
Q

what is a non photosyntehtic pigment

A

anthocyanin - purple red, vacuole

24
Q

why can wee see fall colour?

A

lack of chlorophyll, can now see other pigments

25
Q

when is artificial illumination effective?

A
  • must provide blue and red wavelengths absorbed by chloroplast pigments
26
Q

what is osmosis

A

movement of water from an area of high concentration to low across a semi permeable membrane (cell wall)

27
Q

what are plant cells largely composed of

A
  • high concentration salts, sugars , low concentration water molecules
28
Q

what are soil particles largely composed of

A
  • high concentration water, low of other solutes
29
Q

what is chemical formula of table salt

A

NaCl

30
Q

t or f when cell is turgid water uptake stops

A

false; just slows

31
Q

what is plasmolysis

A

loosening of the cytoplasm:
reverse pathway of osmosis
-occurs in high salt soils
-soil will have a higher salt content than plants so water will move out of plant cells to soil

32
Q

what is transpiration

A

loss of water vapour from plant mostly through stoma

33
Q

how is water pulled up the xylem

A
  • water polar molecule
  • capillary action and polarity combine to pull water up xylem columns
  • water forms unbroken chain; as one water molecule leaves leaf another is pulled up
34
Q

what factors affect transpiration?

A
  1. temperature: increases as temp increases ( causes plants to open stoma)
  2. relative humidity: transpiration decrease as humidity increases
  3. win and air movement: increased air movement = increased trans.
  4. soil moisture availability: trans. decrease as soil water decreases
  5. type of plants

HORT 1047 Horticulture 1 (9 decks)

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