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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy????

A

The study of structure (where each of our parts are located)

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2
Q

Physiology???

A

The study of function (what each part does)

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3
Q

Gross Anatomy??

A

Big enough we can see and touch.

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4
Q

Inspection???

A

Using our eyes

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5
Q

Palpitation????

A

Using our fingers to touch, feel

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6
Q

Percussion??

A

Using a tapping & listening

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7
Q

Auscultation???

A

Listening to natural sounds (aka with a stethoscope)

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8
Q

Hippocrates????

A

Father of Medicine

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9
Q

Galen???

A

Physician of the Gladiators

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10
Q

Vesalius???

A

The first modern Anatomy Professor

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11
Q

Hooke & Leeuwenhoek

A

Invented the microscope

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12
Q

Darwin???

A

Father of Evolution

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13
Q

Evolution???

A

Process that occurs over thousands & thousands of years

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14
Q

Natural Selection???

A

Occurrence over multiple generations

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15
Q

Adaptation???

A

One event

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16
Q

List the Organic chemistry categories (what we are made of)

A

1) Proteins- Amino Acid
2) Carbs- Monosaccharides (glucose)
3) Lipids- Fatty Acids
4) Nucleic Acids (Nucleotides)- RNA & DNA

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17
Q

What is a protein?

A

Amino Acid

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18
Q

What is a Carbohydrate?

A

Monosaccharide aka sugar aka glucose

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19
Q

What is a lipid?

A

Fatty Acids

20
Q

What is a Nucleic Acid (nucleotides)?

A

RNA &DNA

21
Q

What other 2 things we are made of?

A

H2O & Minerals

22
Q

Histology???

A

Studying microscopic specimens under a microscope

23
Q

List some adaptations?

A

1) Opposable- our thumb, being able to touch our thumb to fingers
2) Stereoscopic- vision(depth perception)
3) Bipedalism- standing & walking on two legs

24
Q

Complexity of Hierarchy (9)

A 
Organism> are composed of  
Organ systems to
Organs to
Tissues to
Cells to 
Organelles to 
Macromolecules to
Molecules to
Atoms
25
Q

Organ system??? (11 types)

A

1) Integumentary
2) Skeletal
3) Muscular
4) Nervous
5) Endocrine
6) Circulatory
7) Lymphatic
8) Respiratory
9) Urinary
10) Digestive
11) Reproductive systems

26
Q

Metabolism??

A

The sum of all chemical reactions in your body

27
Q

Homeostasis??

A

The ability to maintain internal stability

28
Q

Positive Feedback?

A

Is a self-amplifying cycle in which a physiological change leads to even greater change in the same direction, rather than producing the corrective effects of negative feedback.

29
Q

Negative Feedback?

A

A process in which the body senses a change and activates mechanisms that negate or reverse it

30
Q

Organelles???

A

1) Nucleus- Home for DNA (46 chromosomes)
2) Ribosomes- Responsible to make proteins (our body need to do stuff)
3) Mitochondria- Energy production (ATP)
4) Plasma Membrane- Skin
5) Lysosomes- Bag of enzymes
6) Cytoplasm- watery juice of cells

31
Q

DNA???

A

Recipe for proteins!!!!!

32
Q

Vasoconstriction?

A

Narrowing of blood vessels (negative feedback)

33
Q

Vasodilation?

A

Widening of blood vessels (negative feedback)

34
Q

Anatomical position?

A

That of a person standing upright with the feet on the floor, arms at the sides, and the palms and face directed forward.

35
Q

Sagittal Plane? also called Median Plane

A

Divides our right side to our left side of our body

36
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane?

A

Divides the front to back (frontier to posterior)

37
Q

Transverse (horizontal) plane?

A

Divides top our top body from bottom

38
Q

Directional terms?

A

Words that describe the location of one structure relative to another are generally

39
Q

Ventral

A

Toward the front or belly

The aorta is ventral to the vertebral column

40
Q

Dorsal

A

Toward the back or spine

The vertebral column is dorsal to the aorta

41
Q

Medial

A

Toward the mid-line

The heart is medial to the lungs

42
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the mid-line

The eyes are lateral to the nose

43
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of attachment or origin

The elbow is proximal to the wrist

44
Q

Distal

A

Away from the point of attachment or origin

The fingernails are at the distal ends of the fingers

45
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the body surface

The skin is superficial to the muscles

46
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the body surface

The bones are deep to the muscles

Anatomy & Physiology (6 decks)

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