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Dental Hygiene 2 > Module 12- Diabetic Pt. > Flashcards

Module 12- Diabetic Pt. Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of ______ characterized by _______

A

Diseases

Hyperglycemia

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2
Q

Hyperglycemia is due to?

A

Insulin deficiency or resistance

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3
Q

____% of population has diabetes

A

8

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4
Q

Insulin is produced by?

A

Beta cell of pancreas

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5
Q

Low insulin = ______ blood sugar

A

High

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6
Q

Normal blood glucose levels in healthy people

A

60-150 mg/dl

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7
Q

Insulin facilitates glucose _____

A

Uptake

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8
Q

Insulin speeds up _____ of glucose and conversion of glucose to ____

A

Oxidation

Glycogen

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9
Q

Type 1 diabetes is due to insulin _____

A

Decreased production

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10
Q

A person with type ____ diabetes will have glycosuria

A

1

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11
Q

Glycosuria causes _______

A

Polyuria (osmotic diuresis)

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12
Q

Polyuria causes

A

Polydipsia

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13
Q

When cells are starving for glucose it sends a signal to eat more food which is called

A

Polyphagia

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14
Q

If the body doesn’t use glucose for energy it has to use _____ which causes _____

A 
Fat
Ketone buildup (metabolic acidosis)
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15
Q

What leads to a diabetic coma

A

Metabolic acidosis or ketone buildup in blood

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16
Q

Type 2 diabetes deals with an insulin _____

A

Resistance or decreased action

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17
Q

T/F insulin production and secretion remain normal in type 2 diabetes

A

T

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18
Q

What is the main problem in type 2 diabetes

A

Insulin receptor defects

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19
Q

________is termed insulin shock

A

Hypoglycemia

20
Q

Hypoglycemia is _______insulin

A

Too much

21
Q

Hyperglycemia is _____insulin and is termed?

A

Too little

Ketoacidosis (diabetic coma)

22
Q

The loss of beta cells is due to _____ or _______

A

Autoimmune reaction

Unknown/unclear environmental reasons

23
Q

Which type of diabetes HAS TO take insulin

A

1

24
Q

Type 1 diabetes accounts for ____-_____# of total cases

A

5-10

25
Q

Insulin resistance means

A

Peripheral tissues can’t respond to insulin

26
Q

Gestational diabetes is usually in what trimester

A

3

27
Q

Infants are ____ there are ____ premi babies

If the mom has gestational diabetes

A

Bigger

More

28
Q

What are 3 hormones that can cause diabetes

A

Hgh
Cortisol
Epinephrine

29
Q

T/F chemicals can cause diabetes

A

F -they can impair insulin secretion, destroy beta cells

30
Q

To diagnose diabetes the A1c has to be >/= ______

A

6.5

31
Q

Fasting is no calories for how long

A

8 hrs

32
Q

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to ____and poor ___ ____

A

Infections

Wound healing

33
Q

Diabetics can have ____ _____ which causes a lack of feeling and causes amputations due to lack of feeling pain

A

Peripheral neuropathy

34
Q

Diabetes is the leading cause of_____ disease and ______

A

Renal

blindness

35
Q

Diabetic pts have what problems with their eyes

A

Cataracts

Glaucoma

36
Q

Many cases of type 2 diabetes can be controlled with what 2 things

A

Weight loss

Exercise

37
Q

What are 4 types of insulin

A

Short
Rapid
Intermediate
Long

38
Q

The types of insulin are based on ____, ____, and _______ of action

A

Onset
Peak
Duration

39
Q

What are some factors affecting the need for insulin

A 
Food intake amount
Illness
Stress
Infections 
Exercise
40
Q

What are the 3 areas a subcutaneous injection are given

A

Thigh
Stomach
Upper arm

41
Q

Insulin pumps may increase risk of?

A

Hypoglycemia

42
Q

What type of insulin method is short acting and is considered a “mealtime” insulin

A

Inhaler insulin

43
Q

Perio infections can increase insulin _____

A

Resistance

44
Q

Diabetes is a ____, _____, and ____ factor for disease

A

Accelerating
Conditioning
Modifying

45
Q

Perio tx and reduction of perio inflammation reduces levels of _____ _____ which improves glycemic control

A

Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

46
Q

Appointment planning for a diabetic pt involves ______ prevention

A

Stress

Dental Hygiene 2 (19 decks)

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