Chapter 12 - Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration used for
Growth, repair, movement, response, digestion and excretion
Aerobic respiration
The enzyme-controlled release of energy from food using oxygen
Produces more energy
Equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen —> water + carbon dioxide + energy
Anaerobic respiration
The enzyme-controlled released energy from food without oxygen
Respiration
The enzyme-controlled process of releasing energy from food
A catabolic reaction
First stage of respiration
Glycolysis
Location in first stage of respiration
Cytosol
Goes to lumen
Description of first stage of respiration
Glucose (C6) using ATP to pyruvic acid (2C) losing CO2 and electrons
Stage 2 of respiration
Mitochondrion
Oxygen present
Pyruvic acid (3C) to Acetyl Co-Enzyme A (2C) to Krebs Cycle
Krebs Cycle
Loses CO2, H+ and electrons which go to NAD+ (electron acceptor)
Equation for electron acceptor
NAD+ + 2e- + H+ —> NADH
NADH goes to electron transport chain
Electron Transport Chain
Cristae
ADP + P + energy —> ATP and water
2e- + 2H+ + 1/2O2 —> H2O
End of Anaerobic Respiration
Lactic acid and ethanol
Cytosol
The aqueous component of the cytoplasm of a cell
Biotechnology
Use of things to manufacture useful products, e.g. micro-organisms in fermentation
