Chapter 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What two main parts make up the nervous system?
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
What makes up the central nervous system?
-Consists of the brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
Nerve cells or Neurons that send messages all throughout the body
What are the two main divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
- Somatic Nervous System
- Autonomic Nervous System
What does the somatic nervous system do?
- Transmits sensory messages to the central nervous system
- actives by touch, pain, temperature change, and changes in body position
What does the autonomic nervous system do?
- “Autonomic”= occurring involuntary
- Regulates the body’s vital functions : heartbeat, breathing, digestion, blood pressure
What are the building blocks of the Nervous system?
Neurons
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemicals that are stored in sacs in the axon terminals
What does the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine control?
- Control of muscles
- Less Acetylcholine= less memory
What does the neurotransmitter Dopamine effect?
- Deficiency of dopamine= Parkinson’s Disease (uncoordinated, rigid movements)
- Excess amount= schizophrenia
What does the neurotransmitter Noradrenaline do?
Prepares the body for action
What does the neurotransmitter Serotonin do?
Involved in emotions and sleep
How many parts of the brain are there?
3- Hindbrain, Midbrain, Forebrain
Where is the hindbrain and what does it do?
- Lower portion of brain
- Controls vital functions: heart rate, respiration, and balance
Where is the midbrain and what does it do?
- Between hindbrain and forebrain
- Involved with vision, hearing, attention, and sleep
What does the forebrain do?
- Engages humans in complex thinking
- Regulates: body temp., nutrient storage, motivation, emotion, hunger, thirst, carrying offspring, and aggression
What could happen if their was a disturbance in the hypothalamus?
Unusual drinking and eating behaviors
What happens if the Limbic system in the forebrain is damaged?
People can recall old memories but can’t create new ones
What is brain in Latin?
Cerebrum
What is the crowing glory of the Brain?
Cerebrum
What is the outer layer of the brain?
Cerebral cortex
What part of the brain that thinks? (Memory, language, emotions, motor functions, perceptions, etc.)
Cerebral cortex
What is the corpus callosum?
- The structure that connects the two sides of the cerebral cortex
- aids in sending information from one side of the brain to the other
