28. Oral antidiabetics

Question 1

Which are the insulinotropic (hypoglycemic) drug groups?

Answer 1

• Sulfonylureas
• Prandial regulators of glucose (PRG) - Meglitinides

Question 2

Which are the sulfonylureas?

Answer 2

• 1st generation:
  
  • ​Tolbutamide
  • Tolazamide
  • Chlorpropamide
• 2nd generation:
  
  • Glyburide
  • Gliclazide
  • Glipizide
  • Glimepiride

Question 3

Which are the prandial regulators of glucose (PRG)?

Answer 3

• Meglitinides:
  
  • ​Repaglinide
  • Nateglinide

Question 4

Which are the non-insulinotropic (euglycemic) drug groups?

Answer 4

• Biguanids
• Thiazolidenediones (glitazones)

Question 5

Which are the biguanids?

Answer 5

• Metformin
• (phenformin)
• (buformin)

Question 6

Which are the thiazolidenediones (glitazones)?

Answer 6

• Pioglitazone
• Rosiglitazone

Question 7

Which are the inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)?

Answer 7

• Alogliptin
• Linagliptin
• Sitagliptin
• Vildagliptin
• Saxagliptin

Question 8

Which are the oral insulin-independent antidiabetic groups?

Answer 8

• Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
• SGLT-2 inhibitors

Question 9

Which are the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

Answer 9

• Acarbose
• Miglitol

Question 10

Which are the SGLT-2 inhibitors?

Answer 10

• Dapagliflozin
• Canagliflozin
• Empagliflozin

Question 11

Which are the other drugs?

Answer 11

• Colesevelam
• Bromocriptine
• Benfotiamine
• Thioctic acid (alpha lipoic acid)

Question 12

Which are the drugs for the treatment of hypoglycemia?

Answer 12

• Glucagon
• Diazoxide
• Octreotide
• Streptozocine (nitrosourea - cytostatic)
• Steroids
• ACTH