3/13/18

Question 1

Something that produces a response

Answer 1

Stimulus

Question 2

Learning

Answer 2

Conditioning

Question 3

Classical Conditioning

Answer 3

Learning in which 1 stimulus calls forth another stimulus

Question 4

Stimulus that causes an automatic response

Answer 4

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 5

An automatic response

Answer 5

Unconditioned Response

Question 6

A learned response to a stimulus that was previously neutral

Answer 6

Conditioned Response

Question 7

A learned stimulus

Answer 7

Conditioned stimulus

Question 8

Established the concept of Classical Conditioning

Answer 8

Ivan Pavolov

Question 9

A learned avoidance of food

Answer 9

Taste aversion

Question 10

When a conditioned stimulus is no longer followed by an unconditioned stimulus, it will eventually lose its ability to bring a conditioned response

Answer 10

Extinction

Question 11

Revival of an extinguished response

Answer 11

Spontaneous recovery

Question 12

Act of responding the same way to stimuli that seem similar

Answer 12

Generalization

Question 13

Act of responding differently to stimuli that are not similar

Answer 13

Discrimination

Question 14

Exposing a person to a harmless stimulus until they are no longer afraid of it

Answer 14

Flooding

Question 15

Method involves relaxation and gradual exposure to feared stimulus

Answer 15

Systematic Desensitation

Question 16

Method of overcoming fears by pairing a pleasing stimulus with a feared one

Answer 16

Counter Conditioning

Question 17

Training a child not to wet the bed with the ringing of a bell

Answer 17

Bell-and-pad method

Question 18

Example of classical Conditioning

Answer 18

Little Albert

Question 19

Learning in which organisms learn from the effects or consequences of their actions

Answer 19

Operant Conditioning

Question 20

Difference between operant and classical conditioning

Answer 20

Classical Conditioning: involuntary responses

Operant Conditioning: Voluntary Responses

Question 21

What did project pigeon establish? Who did it?

Answer 21

Principle of Operant Conditioning; B.F. Skinner

Question 22

The process by which a stimulus increases the chances that the preceding behavior will occur again

Answer 22

Reinforcement

Question 23

The stimulus that encourages a behavior to occur again

Answer 23

Reinforcers

Question 24

Reinforcers that function due to biological makeup- food, water, warmth

Answer 24

Primary reinforcers

Question 25

Value must be learned; examples= money, attention, and social improval

Answer 25

Secondary reinforcers

Question 26

Increases the frequency of behavior they follow when they are applied

Answer 26

Positive reinforcement ex- food, fun, activities, and social improval

Question 27

Increases the frequency of the behavior they follow when they are removed

Answer 27

Negative reinforcers (moving out of shade)

Question 28

More subjective that positive reinforcers

Answer 28

Rewards

Question 29

Unwanted events that decrease the frequency of the behavior they follow

Answer 29

Punishments

Question 30

T or F- Psychologists believe that in most cases punishment is not the ideal way to deal with a problem

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Discourage a behavior when applied

Answer 31

Punishment

Question 32

When and how often the reinforcement occurs

Answer 32

Schedule of reinforcement

Question 33

The reinforcement of a behavior every time it occurs

Answer 33

Continuous reinforcement

Question 34

A behavior is not reinforced every time it occurs

Answer 34

Partial reinforcement

Question 35

Extinction in operant Conditioning =

Answer 35

The extinction of a learned response results from repeated performance of the response without reinforcement

Question 36

A way if teaching complex behaviors in which one first reinforces small steps in the right directions

Answer 36

Shaping

Question 37

Cognitive psychologists see learning as _____ not _______.

Answer 37

1. Purposeful

2. Mechanical

Question 38

Learning that remains hidden until it is needed

Answer 38

Latent Learning

Question 39

Psychologist that proved that rats will learn about their environment even in the absence of reinforcement

Answer 39

E.C Tolman

Question 40

“Cognitive Map”= Mental Picture

Answer 40

Latent Learning/ E.C. Tolman

Question 41

Psychologist that proved that we squire knowledge and skills by observing and intimidating others

Answer 41

Albert Bandura- Observational Learning

Question 42

Children learn most things from observing their _____.

Answer 42

Parents

Question 43

Media violence supplies MODELS of _________.

Answer 43

Aggressive “skills+scripts”

Question 44

Learning from Media- Tv violence can lead to _____.

Answer 44

Emotional desensitization