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Step 1 Immunology-First Aid 2017 > Passive vs Active immunity, Vaccination > Flashcards

Passive vs Active immunity, Vaccination Flashcards

1
Q

Immunity that involves receiving preformed antibodies

A

Passive immunity

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2
Q

Immunity that involves exposure to antigens

A

Active immunity

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3
Q

Onset of passive immunity

A

Rapid

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4
Q

Onset of active immunity

A

Slow

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5
Q

Duration of passive immunity

A

Short span, about 3 weeks = half-life of antibodies

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6
Q

Duration of active immunity

A

Long-lasting immunity (memory)

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7
Q

IgA in breast milk is what type of immunity?

A

Passive

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8
Q

Maternal IgG crossing placenta is what type of immunity?

A

Passive

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9
Q

Antitoxins via vaccine is what type of immunity?

A

Passive

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10
Q

Receiving humanized monoclonal antibodies is what type of immunity?

A

Passive

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11
Q

Natural infection is what type of immunity?

A

Active

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12
Q

Vaccines are what type of immunity?

A

Active

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13
Q

Receiving toxoids is what type of immunity?

A

Active

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14
Q

Unvaccinated patients exposed to Tetanus or Botulinum toxin, HBV, Varicella, Rabies virus or diphtheria antitoxin are given…

A

preformed antibodies (passive immunity)

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15
Q

Combined passive and active immunizations can be given for…

A

hepatitis B or rabies exposure

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16
Q

Effects of vaccination

A

Induce an active immune response (humoral and/or cellular) to specific pathogens

17
Q

Pros of live attenuated vaccines

A

Induce strong, often lifelong immunity

18
Q

Cons of live attenuated vaccines

A

May revert to virulent form, often contraindicated in pregnancy and immunodeficiency

19
Q

Vaccination type where microorganism loses its pathogenicity but retains capacity for growth within inoculated host

A

Live attenuated vaccine

20
Q

Type of vaccination that induces both humoral and cellular response

A

Live attenuated vaccine

21
Q

Live vaccines like MMR and varicella may be given to HIV patients with a CD4 count of…

A

> 200/mm3

22
Q

BCG, influenza (intranasal), measles, mumps, polio (Sabin), rotavirus, rubella, varicella, yellow fever are examples of what type of vaccine?

A

Live attenuated vaccines

23
Q

Vaccine where pathogen is destroyed by heat or chemicals

A

Inactivated or killed vaccines

24
Q

Maintaining what structure in inactivated or killed vaccines is important for immune response?

A

Epitope structure on surface antigens

25
Q

Which vaccine type mainly induces a humoral response?

A

Inactivated or killed vaccine

26
Q

Pros of Inactivated or killed vaccine

A

Safer than live vaccines

27
Q

Cons of Inactivated or killed vaccine

A

Weaker immune response; may require booster shots

28
Q

Rabies, Influenza (injection), Polio (Salk), Hep A are examples of what type of vaccine

A

Inactivated or killed vaccines

Step 1 Immunology-First Aid 2017 (30 decks)

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