Exam 2 Quiz 2 Flashcards
____ is the pivot bone (moves during pronation and supination)
Radius
Radius articulates with
Ulna (distally)
Scaphoid and lunate (wrist joint)
Cartilage found between distal end of ulna and carpal bones
Articular disc of the wrist
____ is stabilizing bone of forearm
Ulna
____ ossification centers for radius and ulna
3
Primary center for ossification for radius and ulna
Shaft
2 secondary centers for ossification for radius and ulna
Distal and proximal ends
Order of ossification between radius and ulna
Distal radius
Proximal radius
Distal ulna
Proximal ulna
Fractures of radius and ulna due to
Severe or direct trauma
Fractures of radius/ulna may be ___
Comminuted
Colles Fracture
Fracture at distal end of radius
One of the most common fractures in adults
Esp. Women over 50 due to osteoporosis
Colles Fracture occurs when
Fall on outstretched hand with forearm pronated and force of trauma moves through carpal bones to distal end of radius
Clinical sign of Colles Fracture
Dinner fork deformity
Distal fragment displaced posteriorly
If normal articulation between radius and carpal bones not restored in Colles Fracture, may result in
Traumatic arthritis of wrist joint
Severe limitations of flexion and extension at wrist
Smith’s Fracture
Distal end of radius displaced anteriorly
Fall on back of hand
Order of ossification of carpal bones
Capitate and hamate Triquetral Lunate Trapezium, trapezoid, scaphoid Pisiform
___ ossification centers in carpal bones
1
____ used to estimate age in children
Carpal bones
Sesamoid bones
Bones embedded in flexor tendons of hand
MC at MP joints of digits 1, 2, 5 and IP joint of digit 1
Functions of sesamoid bones
Protect and stabilize tendon
Change angle of tendons as they pass to insertion (increase leverage)
Most commonly fractured carpal bone
Scaphoid
Fractures of scaphoid result of
Fall on palm with hand hyperextended
Tenderness and swelling of anatomical snuffbox indicates
Scaphoid fracture
Due to different blood supply in scaphoid, fracture may result in
Necrosis of proximal part of bone
Lead to degenerative arthritis at wrist
____ may be damaged with fracture of hamate
Ulnar nerve
Boxer’s fracture
Fracture of 5th metacarpal
Occurs when individual punches someone with closed fist
Digit 3 movement is always
Abduction
Pronator Teres Syndrome
Compression of the median nerve in proximal forearm
Causes of pronator Teres Syndrome
Direct trauma
Excessive pronation/supination
Weakness of ___ can cause ulnar deviation
Flexor Carpi radialis
Median nerve damage can result in
Pronator Teres Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ape Hand
Atrophy of thenar muscles with loss of opposition and/or weakness of other movements of first digit
Due to median nerve damage
Motor test
Assess median nerve damage
Sensory test
Assess cutaneous sensation of tip of second digit to assess median nerve damage
Claw hand
Difficulty in making a fist due to ulnar nerve damage
Guyon Tunnel/ Canal Syndrome
Damage of ulnar nerve at wrist joint
Loss of sensation in medial 1 1/2 digits
Cyclists/handlebar neuropathy
Develop Guyon Canal Syndrome due to bicycling with hands in hyperextended position
Tennis elbow
Lateral epicondylitis
Inflammation of common tendon of origin off lateral epicondyle of humerus due to repetitive use of superficial posterior forearm muscles
Inflammation or subluxation of ____ may also cause pain in lateral epicondyle
C5
Mallet/Baseball finger
Sudden, severe tension on one of long extensor tendons
Distal IP joint forced into extreme flexion
DeQuervain’s Disease
Tenosynovitis Stenosans
Inflammation of tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor Pollicis Brevis within common fibrous sheath
DeQuervain’s most common in
Women
