SHM and Hooke's Law Flashcards
elastic
when something is stretched, it normally returns back to its normal position –> this means its elastic
elastic limit
if it is permanently strained, the elastic limit has been exceeded and will not go back to normal
restoring force
when a spring is stretched, the force that the spring has trying to get back to its original position is called the restoring force
Hooke’s Law
states that when an object is bent, stretched, or compressed by a displacement (s), the restoring force (F) is directly proportional to the displacement provided the elastic limit is not exceeded
Hooke’s Law formula
F = -ks
or just F = ks
k- the elastic constant, the displacement and resting force act in opposite direction
Hookes law and pendulum equations
in hback
simple harmonic motion
A body is said to be moving with simple harmonic motion if its acceleration is directly proportional to its distance from a fixed point on its path and its acceleration is always directed towards that point
SHM period formula
T = 1/f
and f = 1/T
particle moving w/ SHM whose eqatuion is a = -ω²s then period T of the motion is given by
T = 2π/w
eg of shm
- Any systm that obeys Hooke’s law will execute SHM
eg: mass moving up and down on a spring - vibration of prongs on a tuning fork
- pendulum swinging at an angle of less than 5°
SHM acceleration and displacement formula
a = -ω²s
(s is displacement)
acceleration and displacement are in opposite directions
frequency of SHM
frequency is cycles per sec
unit: Hertz (Hz)
energy of a body in SHM
as a body moves in SHM, its energy is constantly changing from potential to kinetic
why does a body vibrate with simple harmonic motion?
acceleration proportional to displacement
what is the magnitude of the maximum force which causes body to move at SHM
F max occurs when acceleration/displacement is at maximum
