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1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 2 > Reproduction 6 > Flashcards

Reproduction 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is puberty controlled? What is puberty?

A

Hypothalamus

Age at which female can support pregnancy without harmful effects

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2
Q

What factors affect puberty?

A

Social cues
Male presence
Size/fatness
Photoperiod/seasonality

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3
Q

What is prolactin? WHat does it do? Where is it produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

Released to mammary glands, stimulates lactalbumin to secrete milk

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4
Q

What is lactopoiesis?

A

The production and maintenance of milk secretions

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5
Q

What are the 2 parts to mammary glands?

A

parenchyma - secretory tissue

Cistern - storage sinus

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6
Q

What causes the growth of mammary glands? What does prolactin,oestrogen and progesterone do?

A

Cyclic ovarian activity
Prolactin causes lactalbumin to secrete milk
Oestrogen causes ducts to branch and increase in diameter
Progesterone causes growth of alveoli at terminal branch

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7
Q

Which 2 hormones are increased during puberty to increase mammary gland growth?

A

GH

Prolactin

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8
Q

What do terminal alveoli grow into? What do these empty into?

A

Lobules

Empty into common duct

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9
Q

How many cisterns do cows have per teat? What about mares? What about britches/queens?

A

1
2-3
5-6

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10
Q

Which organelles are increased during lactation?

A

Smooth ER - lipid synthesis

Rough ER - protein synthesis

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11
Q

Which 2 hormones are needed for continued lactopoiesis?

A

Prolactin

Oxytocin

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12
Q

Is milk ejected by myoepithelial cells?

A

No - drawn out

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13
Q

Lactation inhibits which hormones?

A

GnRH

FSH- not sufficient enough for ovulation

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14
Q

What is the composition of milk?

A 
Protein
Fat
Lactose
Na, Cl, Ca, K
Casein (milk protein)
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15
Q

What is colostrum formed by?

A

Prepartum milk secretion not being removed

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16
Q

What does colostrum contain?

A 
High fat
Proteins
Vitamin A
Less lactose 
Immunoglobins
17
Q

The absorption window for colostrum is very short. When is there copious secretion of milk?

A

Stage 2 parturition

18
Q

At the end of pregnancy, which 3 hormones are high? Which is low?

A

Cortisol, prolactin, oestrogen

Progesterone

19
Q

What is the word for the absence of menstrual cycle/oestrus?

A

Anoestrus - no activity

Amenorroea

1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 2 (63 decks)

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