7: Complementary and Alternative Health Care: Historical Foundations of Holistic Healing

Question 1

T or F: Many people in the United States remain skeptical about Eastern and European medical practices

Answer 1

T

Question 2

T or F: There is a distinction between “healing” and “cure

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Healing

Answer 3

= use the mind, body, and spirit to control disease, promote a sense of well-being, and enhance the quality of life

= sense of well-being, comfort, and integration of the body–mind–spirit are important characteristics

Question 4

healer role

Answer 4

= restores health or makes a person whole again
= Compassion, empathy, touch, caring = Scientific knowledge and skill in performing caregiving activities
= respecting clients, listening, providing time, trusting intuition
= model positive health practices

Question 5

Shamanism

Answer 5

belief regarding a shaman who is believed to be able to communicate with the spiritual world

• Primitive tribes considered illness the work of evil spirits and selected masters of the healing tradition = medicine men, witch doctors, seers, shamans

“shaman” = “he (or she) who knows”

Question 6

To aid healing of tribe members, early shamans …

Answer 6

• used various types of communication with the spiritual world that (singing, dancing, storytelling, drawing)
• Many achieved ALTERED STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS to assist in healing rituals

Question 7

many shamanic cultures used ______ substances to enter the “Otherworld”

Answer 7

hallucinogenic

Question 8

Also entered a trance state by

Answer 8

• fasting
• place themselves in isolation for long periods of time
• use sensory deprivation
• undergo torture

Question 9

T or F: Shaman’s have the power to descend into the realms of the dead

Answer 9

T

Question 10

when shamans communicate with the spiritual world, they gain _______

Answer 10

a position of respect and power within their tribes

Question 11

3 key features of shamanism

Answer 11

1. Shamans can voluntarily enter ALTERED states of CONSCIOUSNESS
2. In these states, they may experience themselves JOURNEYING to other REALMS
3. They use these journeys to ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE or power and to HELP people in their community

Question 12

many cultures continue to rely on shamans for healing; in _____ groups, only the shaman has the power to communicate with gods/ spirits

Answer 12

Native American groups

Question 13

sweat lodge

Answer 13

built as a ceremonial sauna and is used for a purification ceremony

Question 14

Asclepions

Answer 14

sanctuaries of healing

created a healing environment that addressed the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of individuals

Question 15

had to undergo _____ or _____before entering asclepions

Once admitted, healers used …

Answer 15

Katharsis or purification
= Cleansing baths, purging, cleansing diet

music, dream interpretations, drama, massage, humor, baths, herbs, rest = treatment

Question 16

two aspects most associated with Chinese medicine

Answer 16

herbal medicines

acupuncture therapy

Question 17

Qi

Answer 17

a bodily energy that flows through unseen channels in the body called meridians

Illness is believed to occur when Qi is blocked

Question 18

______ and _______ are used to unblock energy so that it can flow more freely through the body

Answer 18

Acupuncture and herbal medicines

Question 19

what is the “mother of all healing”

Answer 19

ayurveda

Question 20

what may have influenced ancient Chinese medicine and the humoral medicine practiced by Hippocrates in Greece

Answer 20

ayurveda

Question 21

sages or seers

Answer 21

early healers of India

systemized healing after having identified Veda (the knowledge of how our world works)

* All that the sages learned was organized into the Indian healing system Ayurveda

Question 22

How is ayurveda similar to TCM belief

Answer 22

when energy fields are blocked, they cause illness

energy fields = chakras

Question 23

Anointing

Answer 23

dipping a finger in oil and touching a person on the forehead or another body part as a part of religious ceremony

Question 24

Science Healing Revolution

Answer 24

Florence Nightingale
became notable for saving lives through public health practices

efforts at sanitizing the service hospitals and aiding the wounded rapidly turned around the death toll in the Crimean War
- promoted holism

Question 25

Gestalt psychology

Answer 25

unified whole

the whole is greater than the sum of its parts—hence “holistic

Question 26

where are Most scientific research on selective forms of alternative medicine practices are conducted

Answer 26

at the NCCIH