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PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES OF TEACHING IN MLS > 7 - INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS > Flashcards

7 - INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Flashcards

1
Q

methods/techniques used by a teacher to deliver the lesson (how)

A

Teaching strategies/methods

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2
Q

objects/vehicles by which information is communicated (what)

A

Instructional materials

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3
Q

Functions of Instructional Materials

A
  1. Supplement the act of teaching and the role of the educator
  2. Deliver the message clearly, accurately, and in a timely manner
  3. Help reinforce information and simplify complex messages
  4. Stimulates a learner’s senses
  5. Add variety, realism, and enjoyment to the teaching-learning experience
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4
Q

3 Components of Instructional Materials

A
  1. Delivery System
  2. Content
  3. Presentation
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5
Q

Includes both the software or physical form and the hardware used in the presentation

A

Delivery System

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6
Q
  • Actual information being taught
  • Several factors to consider when choosing the content:
    1. Accuracy
    2. Appropriateness of the medium
    3. Appropriateness of the difficulty level
A

Content

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7
Q

Form through which the content is taught/communicated

A

Presentation

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8
Q

most concrete form of presentation

A

Realia

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9
Q

different videos, pictures, illustrations; close to reality

A

Illusionary representation

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10
Q

graphs, tables, pure text

A

Symbolic representation

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11
Q

More concrete form of presentation

A

realia —> symbolic representations

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12
Q

More abstract form of presentation

A

symbolic representations —> realia

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13
Q

Types of Instructional Materials

A
  1. Written materials
  2. Demonstration materials
  3. Audiovisual materials
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14
Q
  • Most widely used
  • Most accessible
  • Most common
  • Described as “frozen language”
A

Written materials

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15
Q

two types of written materials

A
  1. Commercially-prepared materials
  2. Self-composed materials
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16
Q

manuals of product packagings

A

Commercially-prepared materials

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17
Q

textbooks, lab manuals

A

Self-composed materials

18
Q

Considerations when evaluating printed materials:

A
  • Nature of the audience
  • Literacy level required
  • Linguistic variety available
  • Clarity and brevity
  • Layout and appearance
  • Opportunity for repetition
  • Concreteness and familiarity — active voice present tense
19
Q

Advantages of written materials

A
  • Readily available as a reference
  • Widely used and familiar at all levels of society
  • Easy obtained
  • Provided in convenient forms
  • Available in multiple languages
  • Controlled pacing by the reader
20
Q

Disadvantages of written materials

A
  • Abstract
  • Limited immediate feedback
  • May be difficult to be understood by some
  • Inappropriate for students with visual impairments
21
Q

Visible hands-on media

A

Demonstration materials

22
Q

Two types of demonstration materials

A
  1. Models
  2. Displays and posters
23
Q
  • 3D objects
  • Allow the learners to apply knowledge and psychomotor skills through observation, examination, manipulation, handling, and assembly/disassembly
A

models

24
Q

physical models (dummy arm)

A

replicas

25
Q

simulation models/virtual programs (virtual laboratories)

A

analogues

26
Q

diagrams, pictures, animated cartoons

A

symbols

27
Q

advantages of models

A
  • Allows learners to practice without fear
  • Stimulates active involvement
  • Provides immediate testing of psychomotor and cognitive behaviors
  • Allows learners to receive instant feedback
  • Appeals to learners who prefer hands-on learning experience
28
Q

disadvantages of models

A
  • Not suitable for students with poor abstract learning skills/visual impairments
  • Can be fragile, bulky, and expensive
29
Q
  • 2D objects
  • Used to convey simple/short messages and to reinforce important topics
  • Ex: whiteboards, posters, bulletins, pubmats
A

Displays and posters

30
Q

advantages of displays and posters

A
  • Attracts attention and quickly gets an idea across
  • Flexible, easily modified, and reusable
  • Portable and easily assembled
  • Stimulates interest
  • Influences cognitive and affective behaviors
31
Q

disadvantages of displays and posters

A
  • May take up a lot of space
  • Time consuming to prepare
  • Not suitable for large audiences
  • Can only include limited amount of information
  • Not effective for teaching psychomotor skills
32
Q
  • Fastest-growing category of instructional tools
  • Support and enrich the learning process through seeing and hearing
  • Instill visual memories
  • Known to increase understanding and retention
A

Audiovisual materials

33
Q

use of two or more types of learning models (audio, visual, or animation) that can be accessed in a computer

A

Multimedia Learning

34
Q

combination of e-learning and traditional teaching methods (lecture)

A

Blended Learning

35
Q

Types of audiovisual materials

A
  1. projected learning resources
  2. audio learning resources
  3. video learning resources
  4. telecommunications learning resources
  5. computer learning resources
36
Q

Radio, podcasts

A

Audio learning resources

36
Q

Powerpoint presentations

A

Projected learning resources

37
Q

Streaming videos, webinars

A

Video learning resources

38
Q

Educational TV shows, hotlines

A

Telecommunications learning resources

39
Q

Educational softwares, online modules

A

Computer learning resources

40
Q

common disadvantage of using audiovisual materials

A

may be expensive to use

PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES OF TEACHING IN MLS (16 decks)

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