7. Statutory Institutions / Commissions Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
What is the role of the Election Commission of India?
A
The Election Commission of India (ECI) administers and supervises the electoral processes within the country, ensuring the conduct of free and fair elections, which is a cornerstone of democratic governance.
2
Q
What are the constitutional provisions related to the Election Commission of India?
A
The Election Commission is established under Article 324 of the Indian Constitution, which empowers it with the responsibility of superintendence, direction, and control of elections to the Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices of the President and Vice-President of India.
3
Q
What is the structure of the Election Commission of India?
A
The Election Commission was initially set up as a single-member body in 1950 and became a multi-member body in 1989, typically consisting of the Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners to facilitate democratic decision-making.
4
Q
How are the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners appointed?
A
The Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners are appointed by the President of India, and while the Constitution does not specify qualifications, they are usually senior civil servants with extensive experience in administration and governance.
5
Q
What is the removal process for the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC)?
A
The CEC can only be removed through impeachment by Parliament, requiring a two-thirds majority vote in both Houses and can only be initiated on grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity.
6
Q
What are the functions of the Election Commission regarding electoral rolls?
A
The Election Commission is responsible for the preparation and update of electoral rolls, ensuring they are up to date and free of discrepancies, which is fundamental to conducting elections.
7
Q
How does the Election Commission monitor election expenses?
A
The Election Commission imposes limits on the amount of money a candidate can spend during an election campaign to maintain transparency and fairness.
8
Q
What is the purpose of the Model Code of Conduct enforced by the Election Commission?
A
The Model Code of Conduct is enforced to ensure that the ruling party does not have an undue advantage in elections and to maintain the decorum of the electoral process once elections are announced.
9
Q
What role do Election Observers play in the electoral process?
A
Election Observers are appointed by the Election Commission to closely monitor the election process and ensure that it is impartial and free from any undue influence.
10
Q
What is the significance of voter education campaigns conducted by the Election Commission?
A
Voter education campaigns are conducted to educate voters about the importance of voting and how to vote, ensuring greater participation in the democratic process.
11
Q
What was the recommendation of the Indrajit Gupta Committee regarding state funding of elections?
A
The Indrajit Gupta Committee advocated for partial state funding of elections to reduce corruption and dependence on questionable private donations.
12
Q
What is the Law Commission Report (1999) and its stance on state funding?
A
The Law Commission Report (1999) supported state funding as a measure to level the playing field and ensure fair competition in elections.
13
Q
What are the arguments in favor of state funding in elections?
A
Arguments in favor of state funding include transparency and corruption reduction, equality in elections, better governance, curtailing criminal activities, and promoting political equality.
14
Q
What are the criticisms against state funding of political campaigns?
A
Critics argue that state funding may be financially unfeasible, could lead to misuse by non-serious parties, divert resources from essential services, and may not eliminate undisclosed private funding.
15
Q
What does Milan Vaishnav’s analysis reveal about criminalization in Indian politics?
A
Milan Vaishnav’s analysis reveals that voters often choose candidates with criminal backgrounds because they are perceived as effective providers of services and protection, especially in weak or corrupt state contexts.
16
Q
What is Paul Brass’s theory regarding violence and criminality in politics?
A
Paul Brass’s theory suggests that violence and criminality in politics are perpetuated by ‘institutionalized riot systems,’ which are networks within political parties and the state that benefit from ongoing violence and criminal behavior.
17
Q
What is the significance of the 44% statistic regarding sitting MPs facing criminal charges?
A
The 44% statistic indicates a significant increase in the number of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs) facing criminal charges, highlighting a growing trend of criminalization in politics.
18
Q
Who are some high-profile politicians noted for their criminal charges in India?
A
High-profile politicians like Mohammad Shahabuddin and Mukhtar Ansari from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are noted for their criminal charges and political influence.
19
Q
What are the implications of the criminalization of politics on public trust?
A
The criminalization of politics erodes public trust in democratic institutions and processes, making it difficult to implement policies that require public cooperation and support.
20
Q
What role does the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) play in India’s financial operations?
A
The CAG serves as a guardian of public finance, ensuring accountability and transparency in government financial operations, which is vital for maintaining the financial integrity of India’s democratic framework.
21
Q
What does Article 148 of the Indian Constitution establish?
A
Article 148 establishes the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), including its appointment and conditions of service.
22
Q
What are the functions of the CAG regarding government accounts?
A
The CAG audits all receipts and expenditures of the Union and State governments, including those of bodies significantly financed by the government, ensuring compliance with laws and financial discipline.
23
Q
What is the purpose of performance audits conducted by the CAG?
A
Performance audits evaluate the efficiency, economy, and effectiveness of government programs and organizations, ensuring that public resources are used effectively.
24
Q
What is the role of the CAG in promoting transparency and accountability?
A
The CAG conducts audits of all expenditures by the Government of India, ensuring that funds are used for intended purposes and in accordance with the law, and tables public reports in Parliament and state legislatures to enhance transparency.
25
How does the CAG prevent misuse of funds?
The CAG prevents misuse of funds by conducting regular audits of government departments and public sector undertakings, identifying financial irregularities, wastage, and inefficiencies, and performing performance audits to assess the effectiveness of government programs.
26
What recommendations does the CAG provide for policy improvement?
The CAG provides recommendations based on audit findings that are critical for rectifying existing issues and improving the frameworks and policies governing financial management and public spending.
27
How does the CAG enhance public trust?
The CAG enhances public trust by serving as an independent constitutional body that verifies the government's handling of public funds, reassuring the public of accountability.
28
What challenges does the CAG face in its operations?
The CAG faces challenges such as the need for greater transparency in its operations and the evolution of its auditing capabilities to adapt to new financial landscapes, as highlighted by scholars like Vinod Rai.
29
What are the appointment issues faced by the CAG of India?
The CAG is appointed by the President of India based on the advice of the Prime Minister and the council of ministers, which can create a conflict of interest and affect the impartiality of the appointee.
30
What proposed reforms have been suggested for the appointment of the CAG?
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission suggested forming a bipartisan commission to oversee the appointment of the CAG, involving opposition parties to ensure transparency and reduce executive influence.
31
What is the scope of audit conducted by the CAG?
The CAG conducts compliance, financial, and performance audits, with performance audits often inviting criticism, especially when critical of government policies.
32
What are the quality issues faced by the audits conducted by the CAG?
The quality of CAG's audits has been questioned, particularly when reports are critical of the government, and international peer reviews have suggested that some reports could be more balanced.
33
What is the problem related to the delay in report submission by the CAG?
There are instances where the government has delayed the tabling of CAG reports, especially around elections, to possibly avoid public scrutiny.
34
What role does the Finance Commission of India play in financial administration?
The Finance Commission acts as a critical mechanism for the distribution of financial resources between the central and state governments, ensuring economic equity across different regions.
35
How is the Finance Commission of India composed?
The Finance Commission is appointed by the President of India every five years or earlier if necessary, comprising a Chairman and four other members chosen for their expertise.
36
What is the primary role of the Finance Commission?
The primary role of the Finance Commission is advisory, providing recommendations to the President on key aspects such as vertical and horizontal tax distribution, grants-in-aid, support for local bodies, and any other matters referred to it by the President.
37
What is the significance of the Finance Commission in India's fiscal federalism?
The Finance Commission serves as a cornerstone of India's fiscal federalism, ensuring a fair distribution of financial resources, balancing fiscal capacities, ensuring equitable public services, and adapting to evolving economic and political landscapes.
38
What challenges does the Finance Commission face?
The Finance Commission faces challenges such as historical overlap with the Planning Commission, perceived central bias in its appointment process, and debates over its role in evaluating state performances and linking incentives to these assessments.
39
What are some suggested reforms for the Finance Commission?
Suggested reforms for the Finance Commission include enhanced autonomy with a transparent selection process, clarifying roles to avoid overlaps with other agencies, and developing performance assessment frameworks for funding.
40
What was a key recommendation of the 15th Finance Commission regarding states' share in central taxes?
The 15th Finance Commission recommended reducing the states' share in central taxes from 42% to 41% for the period 2020-21 to accommodate the financial needs of the newly formed Union Territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.
41
What is the significance of Income Distance in local government funding?
Income Distance refers to the principle that states farther from the state with the highest income receive a greater share of allocations, impacting local government funding.
42
What are Conditional Grants and their implications for state autonomy?
Conditional Grants are funds allocated to states with specific conditions attached, which can limit the states' fiscal autonomy and dictate terms for fund utilization, potentially misaligning with local priorities.
43
How does the 15th Finance Commission's recommendations affect fiscal management in India?
The 15th Finance Commission's recommendations aim to improve fiscal management and efficiency while highlighting the complex dynamics of federal finance governance in India, balancing fiscal prudence with state autonomy.
44
What is the role of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) in India?
The UPSC is India's central agency responsible for conducting examinations to recruit officers and staff for various central government services, ensuring independence and fairness as an autonomous constitutional authority.
45
What is the composition and appointment process of the UPSC members?
The UPSC consists of a Chairman and other members appointed by the President of India, typically including 9 to 11 members, with a term of six years or until the age of 65, and reappointment is not permitted.
46
What are the grounds for removal of UPSC members?
Members of the UPSC can be removed by the President on grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity as adjudged by the Supreme Court, as well as insolvency or engaging in paid employment outside their official duties.
47
What is the role of the UPSC in civil services recruitment?
The UPSC is charged with recruiting personnel for various central services and posts, advising the government on the suitability of officers for appointment on promotion as well as transfer-on-deputation, and handling disciplinary cases relating to different civil services.
48
What are the autonomy concerns related to the UPSC?
Despite its constitutional status, the autonomy of the UPSC can occasionally come into question due to the influence of the executive in the appointment of its members.
49
What is the significance of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India?
The NHRC plays a critical role in protecting and promoting human rights in India, addressing rights related to life, liberty, equality, and dignity as guaranteed by the Indian Constitution and international covenants.
50
Who typically serves as the Chairperson of the NHRC?
The Chairperson of the NHRC is typically a former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
51
How are members of the NHRC appointed?
Members of the NHRC are appointed by the President based on the recommendations of a high-level committee that includes the Prime Minister, Home Minister, Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Leader of the Opposition in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
52
What grounds can lead to the removal of NHRC members?
Members can be removed by the President on grounds such as insolvency, engagement in paid employment outside their duties, infirmity, unsoundness of mind, or conviction for an offence involving moral turpitude.
53
What is the role of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in investigating human rights violations?
The NHRC proactively or reactively investigates complaints about human rights abuses by the government or its servants.
54
How does the NHRC contribute to the promotion of human rights?
The NHRC advises on measures to promote human rights and conducts research and awareness programs.
55
What significant advocacy has the NHRC undertaken regarding mental health care institutions?
The NHRC issued a landmark directive that led to significant improvements in the conditions of mental health care institutions across India.
56
What challenges does the NHRC face in enforcing its recommendations?
The NHRC faces challenges such as limited enforcement power, underreporting of violations, resource constraints, and concerns about its independence.
57
What measures can be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the NHRC?
Strengthening legal powers, increasing awareness, and enhancing resources for the NHRC can improve its effectiveness in protecting human rights.
58
What does the term 'toothless tiger' refer to in the context of the NHRC?
The term 'toothless tiger' reflects the NHRC's perceived inability to enforce its directives and make a substantial impact in preventing human rights violations.
59
What are the recommendatory powers of the NHRC?
The NHRC does not have the authority to enforce its decisions; it can only make recommendations to the government, which are not binding, limiting its ability to ensure compliance and accountability in cases of human rights violations.
60
What limitations does the NHRC face regarding investigations of the armed forces?
The NHRC cannot directly investigate allegations of human rights violations by the armed forces; it can only request reports from the central government, which limits its effectiveness in military-related cases.
61
How do time constraints affect the NHRC's investigations?
The NHRC is restricted to investigating violations that have occurred within the past year, which excludes many cases from its purview.
62
What staffing issues does the NHRC encounter?
The NHRC relies on government-deputed staff rather than having its own dedicated cadre, which could lead to conflicts of interest, especially when investigating government-related violations.
63
What is the impact of gender representation on the NHRC's effectiveness?
The lack of female representation in the NHRC affects its sensitivity and responsiveness to gender-specific human rights issues.
64
How does government interference compromise the NHRC's independence?
The NHRC's dependence on the government for funding and logistical support compromises its independence, reducing its effectiveness as an impartial watchdog.
65
What proposed reform could enhance the NHRC's powers?
Granting the NHRC powers to enforce its recommendations and expanding its mandate to investigate older cases and direct issues involving the armed forces could enhance its powers.
66
What is the significance of financial and administrative autonomy for the NHRC?
Ensuring the NHRC has its own budget and administrative control is significant to safeguard its independence from government influence.
67
What measures can increase transparency and accountability in the NHRC?
Requiring the government to respond to NHRC recommendations publicly and within a specified timeframe can increase transparency and accountability.
68
What is the role of the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
The NCW serves as a statutory body in India to address issues related to the rights and representation of women, ensuring their voice at the national level and influencing policy regarding women's rights and issues.
69
What are the powers of the National Commission for Women?
The NCW has civil court powers for inquiries, can demand public records, and can mandate the appearance of persons and presentation of documents for investigations.
70
What challenges does the National Commission for Women face?
The NCW faces challenges such as limited enforcement power, lack of awareness about its role among women, particularly in rural areas.
71
What is the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
The NCW serves as a statutory body in India to address issues related to the rights and representation of women, ensuring their voice at the national level and influencing policy regarding women's rights and issues.
72
What challenges does the National Commission for Women face?
The NCW faces challenges such as limited enforcement power, lack of awareness about its role among women, particularly in rural areas, and resource constraints that hinder its effectiveness.
73
What functions does the National Commission for Women perform?
The NCW reviews legal safeguards, advises the government on policy matters, provides a forum for redressing grievances, conducts research, participates in international gatherings, and funds litigations involving women.
74
What is the significance of the NHRC in human rights advocacy?
The NHRC plays a significant role in advocating for human rights but faces limitations in enforcement powers, leading to challenges in implementing its recommendations fully by state authorities.
75
What is the issue of overlap of functions in the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
The overlap of functions refers to the duplication of efforts and confusion that arises when the NCW's activities intersect with those of other bodies dealing with women's issues.
76
How does leadership and bias affect the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
The influence of the chairperson's personal inclinations can skew the NCW's stance on various issues, impacting its impartiality and leading to criticisms of moral policing rather than protection of rights.
77
What are the operational challenges faced by the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
The NCW has been criticized for becoming a patronage distribution body and getting entangled in bureaucratic procedures, which dilutes its effectiveness as an advocate for women's rights.
78
Why is the National Commission for Women (NCW) often described as a 'toothless tiger'?
The NCW is described as a 'toothless tiger' due to its lack of binding power, as its recommendations are advisory and can be ignored, along with political influences and resource constraints.
79
What is the significance of redefining objectives for the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
Redefining objectives is significant for the NCW to focus on working for women's causes rather than just being a commission consisting of women, which can limit its perspective and effectiveness.
80
What is the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC)?
The NCSC is a body established to protect and promote the interests of India's Scheduled Castes, a constitutionally designated group of historically disadvantaged communities.
81
What was the purpose of Article 338 in the Indian Constitution?
Article 338 was originally created to protect the interests of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), assessing their progress nationwide.
82
What significant change did the 65th Constitutional Amendment bring regarding the NCSC?
The 65th Constitutional Amendment, passed in 1988, enhanced the powers and functions of the office originally created to protect the interests of SCs and STs.
83
What are the main functions of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes as outlined in Article 338(5)?
The main functions include investigation and monitoring of constitutional safeguards for SCs, addressing complaints regarding deprivation of rights, participating in socio-economic planning, reporting to the President, and recommending measures for improvement.
84
What led to the establishment of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes in 1990?
The establishment of the NCSC in 1990 was a result of the need for a unified body to oversee the interests of both Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, which was later separated into two commissions in 2003.
85
What are the powers of the NCSC in relation to its investigatory functions?
The NCSC has powers akin to a civil court, including summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses, requiring the production of documents, receiving evidence on affidavits, requisitioning public records, and issuing summons for examining witnesses and documents.
86
What is the reactive nature of the NCSC's approach to addressing issues faced by Scheduled Castes?
The NCSC often relies on complaints to initiate action, which may not adequately address the issues faced by less educated or less informed members of Scheduled Castes, indicating a lack of proactive use of its Suo moto powers.
87
How does the NCSC's focus on socio-economic issues impact its effectiveness?
The NCSC's attention to the plight of landless Dalit laborers is commendable as it addresses root causes of economic disparities, which is crucial for long-term improvements in the conditions of Scheduled Castes.
88
What recommendations have been made for improving the NCSC's effectiveness?
Recommendations include proactive use of Suo moto powers, ongoing self-evaluation, comprehensive data collection, and engagement with societal changes to better advocate for Scheduled Castes' rights.
89
What impact has the NCSC had on high-profile cases of violence against Dalits?
The NCSC has intervened in numerous high-profile cases, such as the 2016 Rohith Vemula suicide case, questioning the treatment of Dalit students and ensuring accountability from institutions.
90
What is the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
The NCST is a body established to address the issues and challenges faced by India's Scheduled Tribes, which are historically marginalized groups afforded special protections under the Constitution.
91
What constitutional article established the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
Article 338A of the Indian Constitution established the NCST through the 89th Constitutional Amendment in 2003.
92
What are the main functions of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
The main functions include investigating and monitoring constitutional safeguards for Scheduled Tribes, addressing complaints about deprivation of rights, advising on socio-economic development plans, reporting to the President, and making recommendations for welfare improvements.
93
What powers does the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) possess?
The NCST has powers akin to a civil court, including summoning individuals, requiring document production, receiving evidence on affidavits, requisitioning public records, and issuing summons for examination of witnesses and documents.
94
Why was the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) created?
The NCST was created to provide focused attention on the unique issues facing Scheduled Tribes, recognizing the need for stronger institutional mechanisms to safeguard their interests after the 65th Constitutional Amendment in 1988.
95
What is the role of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
The NCST advocates for the rights, welfare, and development of Scheduled Tribes, promoting their integration into mainstream Indian society while respecting and preserving their unique cultural identities.
96
What are the issues with the functioning of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
The NCST has struggled with delays in reporting, infrequent meetings, a high rate of unresolved complaints, insufficient manpower, budgetary constraints, and recruitment challenges due to high eligibility criteria.
97
What recommendations did the Parliamentary Committee make for the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)?
The recommendations include filling existing vacancies promptly and reassessing the Commission's budgetary allocation to ensure adequate resources for its operations.
98
What is the primary role of the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)?
The NCBC oversees matters concerning the inclusion and exclusion of communities as socially and educationally backward classes and addresses grievances related to these classifications.
99
What significant change did the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2018 bring to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)?
The 102nd Amendment granted constitutional status to the NCBC, strengthening its legal standing and expanding its authority to act on behalf of backward classes.
100
What are the specific duties of the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) as per Article 338B?
The specific duties of the NCBC include investigating and monitoring matters related to safeguards for backward classes, advising on socio-economic development planning, evaluating development progress, reporting on safeguard effectiveness, and making recommendations to improve conditions for backward classes.
101
What powers does the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) have as granted by the Constitution?
The NCBC has powers similar to a civil court, including summoning and enforcing attendance, requiring the discovery and production of documents, receiving evidence on affidavits, requisitioning public records, issuing summons for examination, and requiring consultation from central and state governments on major policy matters affecting backward classes.
102
How does the new National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) differ from its previous version?
The new NCBC differs by focusing on development beyond reservations, addressing grievances of backward classes, introducing transparency in list management, and promoting holistic growth and equality for backward classes.
103
What are some continuing issues faced by the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) after gaining constitutional status?
Continuing issues include non-binding recommendations limiting effectiveness, lack of authority to define 'backwardness', and a constitutional disconnect that hinders the impact of reforms.
104
What are the expert body features missing in the NCBC?
The NCBC's composition does not meet the Supreme Court-mandated characteristics of an expert body, potentially affecting the quality of its analysis and recommendations.
105
What representation issues exist within the NCBC regarding SC/ST and OBC groups?
Current data shows disproportionate representation among SC/ST and OBC groups, indicating that constitutional status alone is insufficient to address deep-rooted issues at the grassroots level.
106
What is the suggested way forward for the composition of the NCBC?
The NCBC should be restructured to include members who meet the criteria of an expert body as mandated by the Supreme Court, ensuring informed decisions and recommendations.
107
How can transparency with data improve the NCBC's effectiveness?
Making the findings of the caste census and the commission's recommendations public would enhance transparency and trust in the system, allowing for more informed public discourse.
108
What is the definition of minorities according to the UN sub-committee?
Minorities are defined as 'non-dominant' groups in a population who wish to preserve their ethnic, religious, or linguistic traditions that differ from the majority of the population.
109
What historical factors contribute to the emergence of minorities?
Minorities often emerge due to factors such as migration, imperial conquest, and globalization, marked by cultural diversity and conflict.
110
What is the origin of the National Commission for Minorities in India?
The National Commission for Minorities was established by the NCM Act of 1992, initially set up by the Ministry of Home Affairs in 1978 due to perceived insecurity and unfairness among minority groups.
111
What are some concerns regarding the situation of minorities in India?
Concerns include poor state-level law enforcement and attacks on Muslim minorities by extremist groups, despite praise for India's legal framework and constitutional safeguards.
112
What are the critical issues affecting the Muslim minority in India according to the Sachar Committee report?
The critical issues include limited access to education, low representation in higher education and government jobs, poor living conditions, limited use of financial services, and psychological barriers to integration.
113
What is the difference between homogenization and multiculturalism in the context of minority integration?
Homogenization or assimilation emphasizes unity through uniformity, potentially overlooking unique identities, while multiculturalism acknowledges and preserves distinct identities and rights of minorities, aligning with India's constitutional provisions.
114
What are the main functions of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
The main functions include assessing the progress of minorities, examining implementation of constitutional safeguards, addressing complaints regarding rights denial, conducting research on socio-economic issues, and addressing issues referred by the Central Government.
115
What powers does the National Commission for Minorities possess?
The NCM has powers similar to a civil court, including summoning individuals, requiring document production, receiving evidence on affidavits, and requisitioning records from courts or offices.
116
What are some important concerns regarding the National Commission for Minorities?
Concerns include lack of transparency in appointments, absence of constitutional status limiting its authority, and limited investigative powers as it cannot initiate investigations on its own.
117
What are the limitations of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM) regarding judicial interventions?
The NCM cannot intervene in legal proceedings involving minority rights without court approval.
118
How does the lack of mandatory consultations affect the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Governments are not required to consult the NCM on policy matters affecting minorities, which weakens its influence.
119
What is the perceived political influence on the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
The commission's effectiveness is often perceived to be compromised by political influences, as its members are appointed by the current government.
120
What criticisms are directed at the scope of operation of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Critics argue that the NCM has been reduced to a political tool, with limited practical impact on the ground, particularly for the Muslim community.
121
What is one proposed way forward to enhance accountability in the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Implementing specific performance criteria for evaluating the work of commission members could enhance accountability.
122
How can establishing baseline targets improve the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Establishing clear targets for reducing case pendency rates could help improve operational efficiency.
123
What is the significance of conducting regular staffing needs assessments for the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Regular assessments to address vacant positions and staffing requirements would strengthen the commission's functional capacity.
124
How would developing a feedback mechanism benefit the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
A feedback mechanism would improve transparency and public trust in the NCM's operations.
125
What is the potential benefit of strengthening state commissions in relation to the National Commission for Minorities (NCM)?
Empowering and establishing more state minority commissions could help decentralize and expedite the handling of cases.
126
What would granting constitutional status and enhanced powers to the NCM achieve?
It would significantly enhance the NCM's ability to protect and promote minority rights effectively.
