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Anatomy and Physiology I > LB 4-14 > Flashcards

LB 4-14 Flashcards

1
Q

Set of nerves that come from the spinal cord, part of the PNS

A

spinal nerves

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2
Q

Names of all 31 spinal nerves

A

C1-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5, S1-S5, Co1

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3
Q

Spinal cord ends where

A

about L1-L2

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4
Q

Five regions of the spinal cord

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

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5
Q

Why there is a difference between segments of spinal cord and vertebral regions

A

spinal nerves are named for where they exit

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6
Q

Lumbar spine houses what nerves

A

nerves that go to legs and toes

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7
Q

Enlargements are in the cervical and lumbar portions of the cord because

A

large amount of cell bodies to maintain fine motor control and high sensations of hands and feet

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8
Q

Nerve roots projecting inferiorly from spinal cord

A

Cauda equina

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9
Q

Not a nerve, does not exit neural canal, thin strand of pia mater, helps anchor conus medullaris to coccyx

A

Filum terminale

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10
Q

Tapering end marking the end of the spinal cord

A

Conus medullaris

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11
Q

Cluster of unipolar cell bodies of primary sensory neurons

A

posterior root ganglia

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12
Q

Procedure for obtaining CSF in which needle goes into the subarachnoid space around L4

A

Lumbar puncture

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13
Q

How to tell anterior and posterior horns

A

look for posterior root ganglia

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14
Q

Gray matter in the spinal cord is divided how

A

Posterior, anterior, lateral horns

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15
Q

White matter that goes up and down in the spinal cord is divided how

A

Posterior, later, and anterior funiculi

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16
Q

For spinal nerves C1-C7, they are named for what

A

the bone below them

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17
Q

For spinal nerve C8, it is located where

A

between C7 bone and T1 bone

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18
Q

T1 spinal nerve and on down is named for what

A

the bone above it

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19
Q

Dorsal ramus goes where

A

skin and muscles in back

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20
Q

Anterior ramus goes where

A

everything in front of the back, muscles and skin

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21
Q

Network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves

A

nerve plexus

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22
Q

Plexus that comes from C1-C4 and some of C5, controls muscles of the neck and diaphragm, major derivative nerve is phrenic nerve

A

Cervical plexus

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23
Q

Phrenic nerve controls

A

diaphragm

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24
Q

Plexus that comes from C5-T1, controls arms and shoulders, derivative nerves are radial and ulnar nerves

A

Brachial plexus

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25
Q

Radial and ulnar nerves innervates

A

forearm and hands

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26
Q

Plexus that comes from L1-L4, controls anterior thigh, derivative nerve is femoral nerve

A

Lumbar plexus

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27
Q

Femoral nerve innervates

A

anterior thigh

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28
Q

Plexus that comes from L4-S4, controls posterior and lower leg, derivative nerve is sciatic nerve

A

Sacral Plexus

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29
Q

Largest nerve in the body that innervates most of leg, posterior and lower

A

sciatic nerve

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30
Q

Primary pathway for sensory and motor nerve signals, secondarily responsible for some specific reflexes which are our quickest reactions to a stimulus

A

function of the spinal cord

31
Q

What is the length of the spinal cord at birth

A

9.6 in

32
Q

What is the length of the spinal cord at adulthood

A

16-18 in

33
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there

A

31

34
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the cervical part of the cord

A

8

35
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the thoracic part of the cord

A

12

36
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the lumbar part of the cord

A

5

37
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the sacral part of the cord

A

5

38
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the coccygeal part of the cord

A

1

39
Q

A network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves. The anterior rami of most spinal nerves form _________ on both the right and left sides of the body

A

nerve plexuses

40
Q

What are the 5 spinal cord subdivisions

A

cervical part, thoracic part, lumbar part, sacral part, coccygeal part

41
Q

What is the tapered end of the spinal cord called

A

conus medullaris

42
Q

Collection of spinal nerves that arise from inferior end of spinal cord

A

cauda equina

43
Q

Extension of pia mater that attached spinal cord coccyx

A

filum terminale

44
Q

What does the filum terminale eventually become

A

Inferior anchor of the spinal cord

45
Q

Name the spinal cord meninges from most superficial to deep

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

46
Q

Space deep to the arachnoid mater that contains CSF

A

subarachnoid space

47
Q

What procedures are performed in the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord

A

lumbar puncture

48
Q

Matter in the spinal cord dominated by neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and unmyelinated axons

A

gray matter

49
Q

Matter in the spinal cord composed primarily of myelinated axons that extend to and from the brain

A

white matter

50
Q

Four parts of the gray matter of the spinal cord

A

anterior horns, lateral horns, posterior horns, and the gray commissure

51
Q

Part of the gray matter of the spinal cord containing cell bodies of somatic motor neurons which innervate skeletal muscle

A

anterior horns

52
Q

Part of the gray matter of the spinal cord containing cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons which innervate cardiac muscle

A

lateral horns

53
Q

Part of the gray matter of the spinal cord containing axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of interneurons

A

posterior horns

54
Q

Part of the gray matter of the spinal cord containing a horizontal bar of gray matter that surrounds a narrow central canal, contains unmyelinated axons, serves as communication route between right and left sides of the gray matter

A

gray commissure

55
Q

Also known as the ependymal canal, is the cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord

A

central canal

56
Q

What functional type of neuron travels out the anterior root

A

Ventral/anterior root contains motor axons

57
Q

What functional type of neuron travels in through the posterior root

A

Dorsal/posterior root contains sensory axon

58
Q

What does the posterior root ganglion contain

A

Sensory nerve cell bodies

59
Q

Contains neuron cell bodies of sympathetic neurons

A

sympathetic trunk ganglion

60
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate

A

diaphragm

61
Q

Cervical plexus comes from what nerves

A

C1-C4

62
Q

Cervical plexus controls what

A

neck and diaphragm

63
Q

Major derivative nerve of cervical plexus

A

phrenic nerve

64
Q

Phrenic nerve controls what

A

diaphragm

65
Q

Brachial plexus comes from what nerves

A

C5-T1

66
Q

Brachial plexus control what

A

arms and shoulders

67
Q

Major derivative nerve of brachial plexus

A

radial and ulnar nerves

68
Q

Lumbar plexus comes from what nerves

A

L1-L4

69
Q

Lumbar plexus control what

A

anterior thigh

70
Q

Major derivative nerve of lumbar plexus

A

femoral nerve

71
Q

Sacral plexus comes from what nerves

A

L4-S4

72
Q

Sacral plexus controls what

A

posterior and lower leg

73
Q

Major derivative nerve of sacral plexus

A

sciatic nerve

Anatomy and Physiology I (30 decks)

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