Brain Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Dentrite

A

Pick up messages from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nucleus

A

Brain of the cell.

Determines what the function of the cell is going to be

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical messenger
Released from the terminal
Plugs into receptor on opposite side of dentrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Receptor

A

Activated when a neurotransmitter is plugged into it.

Pores open once activated allowing positive ions and and the creation of an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

5 steps for nerve cell communication

A
  1. ) stimulus comes in tact with nerve cell and causes depolarization which causes the signal to be released
  2. ) the signal goes through the axon to the terminal button
  3. ) the signal tells the vesicle to open and release the neurotransmitter
  4. ) the neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and connects to the next receptor on the next andrite
  5. ) repeat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Resting potential

A

More negative ions inside

Causes electrical charge to build

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Polarization

A

Ions at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Motor neuron

A

Efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interneuron

A

Connects neurons and carries messages from one neuron to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Threshold of excitation

A

Level of stimulation necessary to fire neutron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Absolute refractory period

A

The rest time immediately following an action potential in which a neuron can’t fire, no matter how strong the stimulus is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Relative refractory period

A

The time before cell is polarized

Can fire if stimulus is strong enough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Excitatory neurotransmitter

A

Agonist-make a neuron more likely to fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Helps muscle action, memory, and learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Helps control alertness and arousal

17
Q

Inhibitory Neurotransmitter

A

Antagonist- makes neuron less likely to fire

18
Q

Dopamine

A

Influences movement learning, attention, and emotion

19
Q

Endorphins

A

Brains natural pain killer
Prevents firing the “pain” message
Narcotics are similar

20
Q

Plasticity

A

Ability of the brain to form connections
More or less dendrites created
Critical period- brain more plastic to get ability
More experience=more connections

21
Q

Central nervous system - perpetual nervous system

A

Receives the message from the CNS
Extends from spinal chord
Divided into somatic and autonomic systems