chapter 4

Question 1

The only attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton is via the …..and its attachment through the …… at the……

Answer 1

scapula; clavicle, sternoclavicular joint

Question 2

Which two bones are primary involved in the movement of the shoulder gridle?

Answer 2

scapula and clavicle

Question 3

This joint is not a true synovial joint, due to its not having regular synovial features and to the fact that its movement is totally dependent on the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

Answer 3

scapualtoracic

Question 4

This joint is classified as an arthrodial joint. It has a 20- to 30-degree total gliding and rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle and shoulder joint motions.

Answer 4

acromicalavicular joint

Question 5

This is classified as a (multiaxial) arthrodial joint although there is anatomical justification to classify it as a sellar joint. In relation to the manubrium of the sternum, the clavicle moves anteriorly 15 degrees with protraction and moves posteriorly 15 degreesPage 92 with retraction.

Answer 5

sternoclavicular joint

Question 6

Movement of the scapula laterally away from the spinal column, as in reaching for an object in front of the body

Answer 6

Abduction (protraction)

Question 7

Movement of the scapula medially toward the spinal column, as in pinching the shoulder blades together

Answer 7

adduction (retraction)

Question 8

Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders

Answer 8

elevation

Question 9

Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal position from a shoulder shrug

Answer 9

depression

Question 10

Turning the glenoid fossa upward and moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm out to the side

Answer 10

upward rotation

Question 11

Returning the inferior angle medially and inferiorly toward the spinal column and the glenoid fossa to its normal position, as in bringing the arm down to the side. (Once the scapula has returned to its anatomical position, further downward rotation actually results in the superior angle moving slightly superomedial.)

Answer 11

downward rotation

Question 12

true or false:The shoulder joint and shoulder girdle work together in carrying out upper-extremity activities

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Consequential movement during abduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in posterior movement of the medial border and anterior movement of the lateral border

Answer 13

lateral tilt

Question 14

Return from lateral tilt; consequential movement during extreme adduction in which the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in anterior movement of the medial border and posterior movement of the lateral border

Answer 14

medial tilt

Question 15

Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperextension of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving anteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving posterosuperiorly

Answer 15

anteiror tilt

Question 16

Consequential rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during hyperflexion of the glenohumeral joint, resulting in the superior border moving posteroinferiorly and the inferior angle moving anterosuperiorly

Answer 16

posterior tilt

Question 17

Scapula is an …… bone.

Answer 17

ireggular

Question 18

Shoulder girdle serves as a ……from which the ……..moves

Answer 18

base; upper extremity moves

Question 19

Scapula provides attachment point of the …..

Answer 19

upper extremity

Question 20

true or falseScapula and clavicle move as a unit

Answer 20

true

Question 21

point which sternum and clavicle come together

Answer 21

sternoclavicular joint

Question 22

Name the three types of joints

Answer 22

sternoclavicular joint
suprathoracic joint
acromclavicular joint

Question 23

Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium of sternum, aided by fibrocartilage articular discs

Answer 23

sternoclavicular joint

Question 24

What type of joint does the sternoclavicular joint have?

Answer 24

arthroidial joint or saddle joint

Question 25

What movement occurs in the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 25

Clavicle moves 15° anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement

Question 26

Clavicle moves…… anteriorly with protraction, posteriorly with retraction, rotation during vigorous shoulder movement

Answer 26

15 Degrees

Question 27

Acromial end of clavicle with acromion process of scapula

Answer 27

acromiclavicular joint

Question 28

What type of joint does the acromclavicular joint have?

Answer 28

atrhrodial joint

Question 29

What type of movement occurs in the acromicalavicular joint?

Answer 29

: Slight gliding motion (20-30°) between clavicle and scapula during other shoulder motions

Question 30

scapula and loose connective tissue between ………..

Answer 30

scapulathoraic joint : seratus anterior & subcapularis msucles

Question 31

Scapulathoracic joint is also called the “……” joint.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

What type of movements occur in the scapulathoacic joint?

Answer 32

25° abduction-adduction, 60 ° upward/downward rotation, 55 ° elevation-depression

Question 33

Movements at shoulder girdle have common pivot point at SC joint.

Answer 33

sc joint

Question 34

Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders

Answer 34

elevation

Question 35

Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal from a shoulder shrug

Answer 35

depression

Question 36

Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders

Answer 36

Elevation

Question 37

Shoulder girdle muscles stabilize the ….. during shoulder joint actions

Answer 37

scapula

Question 38

Without movement of shoulder girdle, could only raise humerus to…. of shoulder abduction and flexion

Answer 38

90-120

Question 39

name the five muscles

Answer 39

seratus anterior 
levator scapula 
rhombodies 
trapeizius
pectoralis minor

Question 40

Muscles all orginate…

Answer 40

All originate on axial skeleton and insert on scapula or clavicle

Question 41

Scapula ……… stronger than retractors

Answer 41

protractors & depressors

Question 42

Places stress on……spinal muscles, ……joint compromised

Answer 42

posterior spinal muscles, glenohumeral joint compromised

Question 43

What are the four bullet points to practice good posture?

Answer 43

Appropriate lumbar lordotic curve
Shoulder girdle positioned over pelvis
Maintains head and cervical spine over trunk
Eases inspiration

Question 44

Medial border falls away from the ribcage and protrudes posteriorly

Answer 44

Winged Scapula

Question 45

Usually results from weakness of which two muscles?

Answer 45

of serratus anterior and/or rhomboids

Question 46

What exercises can strengthen trapezius?

Answer 46

Shrugs, dips, bent over rows

Question 47

What exercises can strenghten the rhombodius?

Answer 47

Chin ups, dips, and bent over rows

Question 48

What exercises can strengthen the serratus anterior ?

Answer 48

Throwing a ball; punching, push-ups; bench press; overhead press

Question 49

What exercises can strengthen the pectoralis minor?

Answer 49

Wall push up