week 2 Flashcards
1
Q
prenatal experience
A
- First 40 weeks of life are crucial to life and development thereafter
- RISKS
- Neural tube defects
- Prenatal exposure to teratogens (drugs, alcohol. Cigarette smoke, malnutrition)
- Multiple gestation, genetic conditions, congenital anomalies.
2
Q
post natal experience
A
- Postnatal depression is depression that develops between 1 month and 1 year after having a baby.
- PND affects 1 in 7 women who can gave birth in Australia each year ( can also affect men)
- High risk and medically unwell babies
- Psychological attachment theories and maternal anxiety/mental health: relationship to childhood anxiety disorders, mood disorders, conduct disorders.
3
Q
Occupation Therapy that work with children
A
- Work with families, caregivers an educators
- Work in every context of a child’s live
- Intervention to build skills, reduce the effects of secondary complications and increases participation
- Individual or group intervention and or parent education to support children with special needs
- Play based interventions and structured assessments
- Strengths base approach
- Part of a multidisplinary team
- Routinely complete assessments
- Work in a variety of settings (preschools, schools, acute and outpatient hospital, private practices)
4
Q
co-occupation
A
when a person in the environment contributes significantly to the occupational performance of the person engaged in the occupation. Its normal development stage for babies and young children.
- Co-occupation between. Children with disabilities does not follow the same course. The parents may assist the child in self care in an ongoing way.
5
Q
between what ages does brain go through most rapid development
A
0-2
6
Q
whats the overview of infanty and toddlerhood
A
0-1 “look at me!”
1-2 “Me do it!”
2-3 “no!”
7
Q
0-4 months self care
A
- Integration of rooting reflex and bite reflex
- Co-ordinates sucking, swallowing and breathing
- Anticipates feeding with increased activity
- Gums or mouths pureed food
- Protrusion reflex of the tongue
- Sucks properly in a continual manner from bottle
- Passive co-operation with dressing.
8
Q
4-9 months self care
A
- Gums and swallows textured food and eats mashed solids
- Closes lips on spoon to remove food, suck food on the spoon
- Does not hold cup by self, needs assistance, drinks one mouthful at a time from a cup
- Begins to pick up spoon
- Begins chewing movements with appropriate tongue movements
- Open mouth when approached with spoon
- Holds, bites and eats biscuits
9
Q
10-12 months self care
A
- Active cooperation with dressing
- Participates in washing and drying hands and face
- Allows nose to be wiped
- Fingers feed small pieces of food
- Chew solid or lumpy food
- Uses spoon, picks up, scoops to mouth
- Helps hold glass to drinks
- Pulls off socks
10
Q
fine motor skills 0-3 months
A
- Grasp reflex present at birth
- No voluntary release yet
- Visual regard to objects
- Hands predominantly closed
- Objects clutched between little fingers and palm
11
Q
fine motor skils 3-6 months
A
- Looks at own hands
- Brings hands together more and trace objects between hands
- Accuracy of reach is improved
- Usually reaches with both hands open
- Able to hold a small object in each hand
- Grop reflex become integrated
- ulnar palmar grasp reflex.
- Palmar grap where they can squeeze their fingers without use of the thumb.
12
Q
fine motor skills 6-9 months
A
- Ca rest on one hand and reach with other
- Can voluntarily release objects
- Objects now helpin palm by fingers and thumb
- Uses index finger to poke or point
- Lateral grasp: using thumb and index finger.
13
Q
fine motor skills 9-12 months
A
- Can reach and grasp in sinle continuous movement
- Can volunntarilay supinate forearm
- Small obejcts begin to be held by thumb and index finger (pincer grip)
- Attempts to scribble (holds crayon to paper)
- Pincer grasp:
14
Q
gross motor0-3 months
A
- Prone: turs head to either side
- Neck righting
- Upright head bobs
- Negative support reaction
- Kicks feet alternately
15
Q
gross motor 3-5 months
A
- Integration of moro reflex, TLR, STNR and ATNR
- Prone: head and chest are raised to 90 degrees with forearm support
- Upright: bears small fraction of weight on feet
- Prone: props with extended arms and rolls to supine
- Pulled to sitting with no head lag
16
Q
gross motor 6-9 months
A
- Sits initially supported and then unsupported.
- Parachute reaction: the child reaction is to put there arms out to stop themselves from falling
- Assists in pulling upright
- Develops protective extension in sitting (to front and sides)
- Raises to sitting position in bed or crib
- Rolls, crawls, scoots or creeps on floor
- Supine: labyrinthine righting, optical righting,
- Stands with support. Lifts foot to attempt stepsand integration of neck righting
- Developing equilibrium reactions in prone and supine
- Upright: extends legs and takes more weight
- Body on body righting begins
17
Q
gross motor 10-12 months
A
- Sits independently. Protective extension to back present
- Pulls self into standing using furniture
- ‘Cruises’ along furniture
- Walks with hand held by adult
- Crawls confidently
- Lowers self to floor from standing
- Equilibrium reactions present in sitting
18
Q
cognitive skills 0-5 months
A
- Demonstrates different emotions by various vocalisations
- Repeats random movements (primary circular reactions)
- Watches place where moving object disappears
- Coordinates two actions in play
- Identifies voice of familiar people
- Prefer to look at faces over objects
- Turns head to look at noise
