week 6

Question 1

define adolescence

Answer 1

the developmental stage that bridges childhood and adulthood

- Ages 10-19

Question 2

define puberty

Answer 2

interrelated neurological and endocrinological changes that influence brain development, changes in sexual maturation, hormone production and physical growth

Question 3

whats transgender

Answer 3

children/young people whose gender identity differs from the gender they were assigned at birth are known as transgender or gender diverse.

Question 4

whats gender dysphoria

Answer 4

the distress a child experiences about difference between their gender identity and their physical body. May express feeling uncomfortable with roles associated with their assigned gender.

Question 5

adolesent motor skill developpmetn

Answer 5

• Underline ability to perform physically
• Changes correlate with physical growth
• Changes is strength for both abdominal and grip strength

Question 6

adolescent general brain development

Answer 6

• Prefrontal cortex
• Continued myelination of nerve fibres
• Volume of grey matter increases and then decreases which is not important and not using
• Focused synaptic pruning getting rid of non-important things leads to increased organisation of thought, abstract thinking and higher thoughts
• Judgment and reasoning, foresight of consequences, matures at 21

Question 7

aldolensent cognitive development

Answer 7

Piagests theory of formal operational thought:

• Shift in thinking early adolescents being to use operations to manipulate and modifies thoughts
• Distinguish between reality and possibility
• Ability to raise hypothesis

Question 8

define egocentrism

Answer 8

the perception of ones self at the centre of the world and the view that others are constantly observing and judging ones behaviours

Question 9

define decentring

Answer 9

gaining some objectivity over ones own point of view

Question 10

adolescence emotional development

Answer 10

• Emotional regulation
• Experience of more negative life events (there’s a lot of new things)
• Choosing to savour negative emotions (holds onto them)
• Internalising (anorexia) and externalising (delinquency eg underage drinking) problems
• Depression different to depressed mood. Increased in adolescences because; some is genetic, increased demands and expectations, increased life experiences, figure, identity searching, demands outweigh resources, parental loss or rejection
• Depression is twice as common in females than males but may express it less

Question 11

whats relationships in adolescence

Answer 11

Attachment: between parents and child is crucial during this phase of development
The co-existence of family and peer relationship

Cliques: small friendship groups

Crowds: large groups

Group identity also identify their own identity
peer pressure

Question 12

whats peer pressure

Answer 12

a demand for conformity to group norms and demonstration of commitment and loyalty (to people or values). (not always negative can create conformity

Question 13

impacts of being LGBTIQ

Answer 13

• Many schools establish same sex partners
• Becoming more accepted
• Affects perceived ability to take part in occupations eg sport

Question 14

parenthood in adolescence

Answer 14

• Adolescence pregnancy does not always lead to adolescent parenthood eg abortion
• Impact of adolescent parenthood on parenting style/capacity
• Impact on occupation and other developmental milestones of this life stage. Affects identity, travel, education, tension between need to achieve for themselves and looking after the child.
• Many fathers remain in contact for the first few months but them drops off

Question 15

adolescent developing sense of self

Answer 15

• Successful engagement in social relationships and within different environments is crucial to development at this life stage.
• Learning about self through engagement

Question 16

when is risk taking positive in adolescence

Answer 16

• Exploring behaviour is part of developing as a human being
• Risk taking in some form characteristics professionally successful adults but also developmentally successful adolescents
• Avoiding all risks may not be very good for the individual in the long term
• Innovative and exploration induvial are more likely to take risks but are also more likely to show greater skill acquisition
• Socially acceptable risk taking maybe restricted for certain groups

Question 17

when is risk taking negative in adolescence

Answer 17

• Alcohol, drugs, adrenaline seeking, unsafe sexual behaviour
• Brains not fully developed therefore impacts the type of risks they take

Question 18

common behaviours or facotrs in adolescence that pose a risk to healthy development

Answer 18

Substance use eg cigarettes, drugs, pain killers
Antisocial behaviour eg crime, truancy
Mental health problems eg depression, anxiety, eating issues
Social factors eg homelessness, being bullied
Poor attachment
Poor faily disciples
Academic failure and low commitment to school
Interaction with anti social peers
Availability of drugs in community

Question 19

factors that promote healthy development in adolescence

Answer 19

• Opportunities and rewards for positive community involvement eg sports teams
• Attachment to family and significant others
• Opportunities and rewards for positive school involvement
• Social skills/social involvement
• Leisure and physical activity
• Belief in moral values
• Religiosity/spirituality

Question 20

occupations of 12-15 year old

Answer 20

Self care
Productivity eg education (socialisation and expectations increased) and volunteering
Leisure eg sport

Question 21

key transitions 12-15 year old

Answer 21

• increase in independence and time spent in self care
• Transition to high school
• Increase in independence for productive occupations
• Increase in time spent in leisure with peers and on social media

Question 22

key roles 12-15 year old

Answer 22

• Family member
• Student
• Peer
• Romantic partner

Question 23

occupations 16-18

Answer 23

Self care eg contraception, driving, own food management
Productivity eg vce, university, paid employment
Leisure (may not balance with all other demands)

Question 24

key roles 16-18

Answer 24

• Student
• Family member
• Peer
• Romantic and or sexual partner
• Employee
• Road user
• Parent (possibily)

Question 25

key traditions 16-18

Answer 25

• Becoming a driver
• Finishing high school
• Legal responsibilities of becoming 18 eg drink alcohol
• Paid employment
• Moving out of home

Question 26

whats temporal discounting

Answer 26

: occurs whne young people disont the potential long range impacts of decisions, focusing instead on immediate rewards. Eg unplanned pregnancy

Question 27

define judgment

Answer 27

ability to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions

Question 28

whats stage 2 of moral development

Answer 28

right and wrong is determined by what is rewarded

Question 29

whats stage 3 of moral devlopement

Answer 29

right and wrong is determine by close others approval or disapproval

Question 30

onset of adolescence

Answer 30

• Physical and physiological changes of puberty
• Psychical and social changes evident
• Cultural traditions

Question 31

what can happen if there is early onset of adolescence

Answer 31

teased
feel self conscious
have poorer body image
start exploring sexuality younger 
embarrased

Question 32

what can happen if there is late onset of adolescene

Answer 32

teased
feel self conscious
lower self esteem