Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates contain
A
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
2
Q
General formula for carbs
A
Cn(H20)n
3
Q
Carbs are divided into 3 groups
A
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
4
Q
Monosaccharides
A
sugars, easily dissolve in water to form sweet solution
- all monosaccharides finish with -ose
- consist of single sugar molecule
5
Q
Monosaccharides formula
A
(CH2O)n
6
Q
Main types of monosaccharides
A
- Trioses(3C)
- Pentoses(5C)
- Hexoses(6C)
7
Q
Trioses example
A
Glyceralderhyde
8
Q
Pentoses examples
A
Ribose, deoxyribose
9
Q
Hexoses examples
A
Glucose and fructose
10
Q
Glucose formula
A
C6H12O6
11
Q
Two types of glucose
A
Alpha -OH is below C1
Beta -OH is above C1
12
Q
-OH is…
A
Hydroxyl group
13
Q
Roles of monosaccharides
A
- source of energy in respiration
- building blocks for larger molecules
14
Q
How does monosaccharides release energy?
A
Carbon-hydrogen bonds are broken down to release energy, which is transferred to make ATP from ADP and phosphate.
15
Q
Building blocks for larger molecules
A
- Glucose is stored as starch, glycogen or used to make cellulose
- ribose is used to make RNA and ATP
- deoxyribose is used to make DNA
