Protein synthesis Flashcards
Transcription of gene- in the nucleus…
a complimentary copy of each gene from the sense strand of DNA is made by building messenger mRNA.
How is the mRNA molecule made?
Three RNA nucleotides are joined together by RNA polymerase. This process copies the DNA code onto an mRNA molecule.
When does the transcription of gene starts and ends?
When RNA polymerase binds to a control region of the DNA called promoter. It ends when the enzyme reaches a terminator sequence.
When RNA polymerase reaches the terminator sequence, it stops…
adding nucleotides to the growing mRNA.
When the process of transcription is finished, the hydrogen bonds…
holding the DNA and RNA together are broken and double-stranded DNA reforms.
The last triplet transcripted onto mRNA is…
one of the DNA triplets coding for stop.
Types of terminator sequence:
ATT, ATC or ACT
Translation is the process of…
translating the DNA code into an amino acid sequence.
The mRNA leaves the nucleus by…
the pores in the nuclear envelope and attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
tRNA can be found in…
cytoplasm.
tRNA stands for…
transfer RNA.
tRNA has…
triplet bases at one end and a region where an amino acid can attach at the other.
There are more than 20 different…
tRNA molecules, each with a particular triplet of bases and region able to attach to a specific amino acid.
The tRNA bonds with their specific…
amino acid from the cytoplasm, under the control of a specific enzyme and with energy from ATP.
The triplet bases of tRNA are called…
anticodon.
