Active transport and bulk transport Flashcards
Active transport is achieved by…
carrier proteins, each of which is specific for particular ion/molecule.
Energy in active transport is…
supplied by ATP, so the protein can change the shape.
Sodium-potassium pump is found in…
all animal cells.
Sodium-potassium pump uses…
30% of the cell’s energy and 70% in the nerve cell.
The role of the sodium-potassium pump is to…
pump 3 sodium ions out of the cell and at the same time allowing 2 potassium ions into the cell for each ATP molecule used.
Both of the ions are negative so the total p.d. of cell…
is more negative.
The sodium-potassium pump has…
a receptor site for ATP on its inner surface.
The receptor in sodium-potassium pump acts as…
ATPase enzyme bringing hydrolysis of ADP to ADP and phosphate to release energy.
Bulk transport is used to transport…
large quantities and large molecules such as proteins and saccharides, parts of cells or even whole cells.
Bulk transport requires…
energy.
Endocytosis involves…
engulfing of the material by the cell surface membrane to form a small sac=endocytic vacuole.
Endocytosis has two forms:
Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis is…
the bulk uptake of solid material. Cells specialised for this are called phagocytes.
Pinocytosis is…
the bulk uptake of liquid. The vesicles formed are often extremely small. That’s why the process is called micropinocytosis.
Exocytosis is reverse…
of endocytosis, the process by which materials are removed from cells.
