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3 Psychiatry > Psychosis > Flashcards

Psychosis Flashcards

1
Q

classic characteristics of psychosis?

A

hallucinations
delusions
passiity phenomena
thought interference

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2
Q

define psychosis

A

inability to distinguish between subjective experience and reality that is characterised by lack of insight

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3
Q

paranoid psychoses are also referred to as

A

dementia praecox

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4
Q

give an example of a paranoid psychotic condition?

A

schizophrenia

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5
Q

if a patient has overlap of schizophrenic symptoms and bipolar disorder what condition could they have?

A

schizoaffective disorder

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6
Q

non-psychiatric causes of psychosis

A 
delirium
dementias
brain injury
stroke
alcohol use/withdrawal eg DT
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7
Q

what happens to the brain when you have hallucinations

A

aberrant brain processing

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8
Q

define hallucinations

A

a perception which occurs in the absence of an external stimulus which is experienced as originating in real space, not just thoughts

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9
Q

hallucinations have the same qualities as normal perception T or F

A

T

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10
Q

give examples of normal hallucinations?

A

sensory deprivation tank

hypnagogia/hypnopompia (hallucinations when youre falling into/out of sleep)

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11
Q

give examples of simple hallucinations

A

formless sound
murmuring
2D shapes

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12
Q

give examples of a complex hallucination

A

solid figure
voice
music

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13
Q

give an example of a haptic hallucination?

A

something is going on inside you ie your guts are dying, someone has planted something inside you

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14
Q

give an example of a tactile hallucination?

A

feeling something on you ie insects

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15
Q

define paranoia

A

the belief that external events are related to oneself

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16
Q

define delusion?

A

a fixed, falsely held belief that is held with unshakeable conviction

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17
Q

ideas of reference are a feature of what condition?

A

schizophrenia
delusional disordr
bipolar

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18
Q

give examples of ideas of reference

A

beliefs that others are looking at them in unusual ways, reacting to their appearance, disgusted by it
or making fun of or talking about them

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19
Q

when does a delusion become a secondary delusion?

A

if it is preceded by an event such as a hallucination;

often an attempt to explain an event

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20
Q

how does thought disorder present?

A

odd patterns of speech eg neologisms, knight’s move thinking, punning, tangentiality, loosening of associations

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21
Q

severe symptoms of thought disorder

A

verbigeration/word salad (can’t communicate properly

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22
Q

define thought insertion

A

thinking your thoughts dont belong to you

23
Q

what is thought broadcasting?

A

thinking everyone knows what youre thinking about

24
Q

what is thought withdrawal?

A

thinking people are taking thoughts out of your head

25
Q

how can you assess through MSE if the patient is psychotic? what questions could you ask?

A

“what would you say if someone said to you that these beliefs are not true”
“can you explain to me how this is possible?”
assess their INSIGHT

26
Q

how could you approach a psychotic patient about admitting them?

A

“i think that this is evidence that you are actually unwell and i think you need to be in hospital for some treatment - although i recognise you disagree with this”

27
Q

what kind of hallucinations indicate schizophrenia? give an example

A

3rd person auditory

eg people are talking about you

28
Q

paranoid and self referential delusions are not specific to any diagnosis T or F

A

T

29
Q

visual hallucinations are present in what psychiatric conditions

A

substance misuse
delirium
dementia

30
Q

drug induced hallucinations are generally short lived T or T

A

T

31
Q

grandiose delusions present in….

A

BPAD
schizophrenia
substance misuse

32
Q

what does mood congruent mean in terms of hallucinations?

A

the content of them will be based on mood eg if you’re sad the hallucinations will also be sad

33
Q

describe the passivity phenomenon

A

core feature: the belief that one is no longer in control of one’s own body, feelings or thoughts;
feel an external agent is controlling them to feel emotions, do things or to experience bodily sensations

34
Q

the passivity phenomenon is present in what conditions…

A

substance abuse

schizophrenia

35
Q

“clouding of consciousness”

A

delirium

36
Q

delirium is worse at what time?

A

night

37
Q

thought disorder is a feature of what conditions?

A

schizophrenia

mania

38
Q

what are ideas of reference?

A

a thought disorder characterised by a delusional belief that media content, e.g. TV or radio broadcast, refers to oneself, or that others are talking or thinking about oneself.

39
Q

a patient believes his parents are trying to poison him; this is an example of what kind of psychopathology?

A

paranoid delusion

40
Q

if someone says they’re paranoid, what should you reply?

A

what do you mean by paranoid?

41
Q

“everyone has access to my thoughts”

A

thought broadcasting

42
Q

what form of psychopathology involves the patient feeling they’re having thoughts delivered to them by someone else?

A

thought insertion

43
Q

heritability of schizophrenia?

A

around 80%

44
Q

“proportion of observable differences in a trait between individuals in a population thats due to genetic differences” defines….

A

heritability

45
Q

lifetime risk of getting schizophrenia if a first degree relative has it?

A

12%

46
Q

if your MZ twin has schizophrenia how likely are you to get it?

A

45%

47
Q

a viral illness in what trimester increases your risk of psychosis?

A

2nd

48
Q

what obstetric problems can increase rsk of psychosis

A

preeclampsia
fetal hypoxia
emergency C section

49
Q

what childhood infection can increase schizophrenia risk by 50%

A

viral CNS infection

50
Q

schizophrenia is associated with primarily __ matter abnormalities

A

grey

51
Q

there is evidence of neuronal loss in schizophrenia T or F

A

F

52
Q

enlargement of what part of the brain at diagnosis is present in schizophrenia?

A

ventricles

53
Q

there is evidence of gliosis in schizophrenia T ro F

A

F

3 Psychiatry (28 decks)

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