Response to Trauma

Question 1

define type 1 trauma

Answer 1

single, unexpected incident

Question 2

define type 2 trauma

Answer 2

repetitive, ongoing trauma

Question 3

exposure to trauma is associated with increased risk of other conditions eg diabetes T or F

Answer 3

T

Question 4

medical term for “freezing” in response to danger

Answer 4

tonic immobility

Question 5

features of tonic immobility?

Answer 5

decreased vocalisation
intermittent eye contact
rigidity and paralysis
muscle tremors
chills

Question 6

what kind of traumatic events leave the most impact?

Answer 6

sudden, unexpected events where exposure is prolonged eg you are ket hostage and there is death/mutilation

Question 7

patients with a __ acute serum cortisol release react worse to trauma than others

Answer 7

low

Question 8

impaired sleep is a normal reaction to trauma T or F

Answer 8

T

Question 9

what psychological changes can happen after trauma that are NOT PTSD?

Answer 9

depression
grief
panic attacks
agoraphobia
alcohol/drug dependence
brief hypomania
phobias

Question 10

most common cause of PTSD in women?

Answer 10

rape/sexual assault

Question 11

PTSD commonly presents with other psychiatric conditions T or F?

Answer 11

T

Question 12

how long does a patient’s traumatic response have to be last to be diagnosed as PTSD?

Answer 12

1 month

Question 13

describe how intrusive phenomena present?

Answer 13

recurrent distressing recollections/nightmares/flashbacks

Question 14

describe the hyperarousal symptoms that can present with PTSD?

Answer 14

sleep disturbance
irritability/anger
concentration difficulties
hypervigilance
startle easily

Question 15

what are the so-called “dissociative symptoms” of PTSD

Answer 15

depersonalisation
derealisation
lack of awareness of surroundings
out of body experiences

Question 16

what kind of guilt presents with PTSD?

Answer 16

survivor guilt

performance guilt

Question 17

what avoidant symptoms can a patient with PTSD present with?

Answer 17

avoid talking/thinking about the event
avoidance of reminders
amnesia of the trauma
loss of interest in activities
detachment
emotional numbing

Question 18

in order to have PTSD, a patient should have what symptoms?

Answer 18

a mix of:
intrusive symptoms
avoidance symptoms
altered mood/cognition
increased arousal

Question 19

what symptoms, when present with PTSD symptoms indicate complex PTSD?

Answer 19

low self esteem/self blame
interpersonal difficulties
dissociation
somatisation
self harm eg by substance abuse or self mutilation

Question 20

what is somatisation?

Answer 20

presence of physical symptoms in relation to a psychiatric disorder

Question 21

what area of the brain primarily manages emotions?

Answer 21

periaqueductal gray in the midbrain

Question 22

there is atrophy of the ___ after trauma

Answer 22

hippocampus

Question 23

non pharmacological Tx for PTSD?

Answer 23

CBT
EMDR (eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing)
exposure

Question 24

pharmacological Tx for PTSD?

Answer 24

GP: paroxetine
mirtazapine

psych: amitryptiline
phenelzine

Question 25

define PTSD?

Answer 25

an overwhelming of the stress response

Question 26

what information from the patient can tell us about their schemas?

Answer 26

their assumptions and automatic thoughts

Question 27

what is a schema?

Answer 27

a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them ie your rules of how the world is

Question 28

passivity phenomenon and thought insertion are features of PTSD T or F

Answer 28

T