7.2A

Question 1

What does PH stand for

Answer 1

Potential hydrogen

Question 2

What does pH measure

Answer 2

Whether a substance is acidic, neutral or alkaline

Question 3

What does a solution need to have in order to be acidic or alkaline

Answer 3

Water

Question 4

What does it mean for something to be acidic

Answer 4

There are more positive hydrogen ions the negative ions

Question 5

What does it mean for something to be alkaline

Answer 5

There are more negative hydroxide ions.

This is sometimes referred to as base

Question 6

What is the symbol for hydrogen ions

Answer 6

H+

Question 7

What is the symbol for hydroxide ions

Answer 7

OH-

Question 8

In the PH measurement scale which numbers are acidic and which numbers are alkaline

Answer 8

Numbers below seven or acidic
Numbers above seven or alkaline
Seven is neutral

Question 9

What is the difference between pH balanced an acid balanced

Answer 9

PH balanced means that it is balanced at a certain level but not necessarily 4.5 to 5.5

Acid balance is when the pH is balanced with in the acid range of 4.5 to 5.5

Question 10

What is pure distilled waters pH

Answer 10

7

Question 11

What makes water hard water

Answer 11

Hard water may contain salt such as calcium and magnesium

Question 12

What makes water soft water

Answer 12

Soft water contains very few minerals

Question 13

What are the nine types of product categories

Answer 13

Solution
Suspension
Stick
Aerosol 
Emulsion
Gel
Mixture
Ointment
Powder

Question 14

What is a mixture

Answer 14

When two or more compounds are blended together physically rather than chemically

Question 15

What is a solution

Answer 15

A mixture of two or more chemicals in which each component is evenly disbursed into the mixture to form a complete and homogenous dispersion

Question 16

What is a solvent

Answer 16

The liquid part of a solution

Question 17

What is a solute

Answer 17

The solid or dissolved part of a solution

Question 18

What are the only substances not soluble in water

Answer 18

Organic

Question 19

What are the two types of solvents

Answer 19

Miscible solvents and immiscible solvents

Question 20

Miscible solvents

Answer 20

Mix easily together

Question 21

What are immiscible solvents

Answer 21

Solvents that don’t mix easily together

Example oil and water

Question 22

What is a suspension

Answer 22

Even dispersion of a solid substance in a liquid base

Question 23

What is gel

Answer 23

Product that has been formulated with a thickening agent to increase its viscosity

Question 24

What is powder

Answer 24

Finally ground solid mixed evenly with additional ingredients

Question 25

What is ointment

Answer 25

And anhydrous substance based on a mixture of oils and waxes, normally having the texture of a paste

Question 26

What does anhydrous mean

Answer 26

Without water

Question 27

What is a stick

Answer 27

A hard, low level water or anhydrous product applied to the skin by rubbing the product directly on the desired area

Question 28

What is an aerosol

Answer 28

A product packaged under pressure and blended with a propellant inside a container which is usually a can

Question 29

What is an emulsion

Answer 29

A mixture of two or more immiscible substances United by small droplets of a binder or a gum like substance

Question 30

What is an emulsifier

Answer 30

Binding substances to slow down the destruction of the product

Question 31

What type of molecules are used in the manufacturing of emulsions

Answer 31

Long molecules with a polar and and nonpolar end

Question 32

What does it mean to be a polar and in a molecule

Answer 32

Positively or negatively charged

Question 33

What is a non-polar end

Answer 33

Neutrally charged

Question 34

What is viscosity

Answer 34

The thickness of the product

Question 35

What are the eight types of product profiles

Answer 35

``` Cream Leave on Rinse off Wipe off Facial All skin types Dirty skin Dry skin ```

Question 36

What does INCI stand for

Answer 36

International nomenclature for cosmetic ingredients

Question 37

What are humectants

Answer 37

Organic ingredients that bind water and deposit it onto the skin

Question 38

What are emollients

Answer 38

Oils and oil soluble substances used to condition and soften the skin by providing a protective lipid coding

Question 39

What is the protective coating called that emollient provide

Answer 39

Occlusive barrier

Question 40

What does occlusive mean

Answer 40

Thickening or sealing

Question 41

What is the general concentration range for emollients

Answer 41

Between 2% and 10%

Question 42

What are fatty acids

Answer 42

Lubricants that come from both plant and animal sources

Question 43

What are three examples of fatty acids

Answer 43

Caprylic acid Oleic Stearic acid

Question 44

What are fatty alcohols

Answer 44

Acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

Question 45

What do fatty alcohols do

Answer 45

Increase the thickness and provide moisturizing properties

Question 46

What are four examples of fatty alcohols

Answer 46

Cetyl alcohol Cetearyl alcohol Oleyl alcohol Stearyl alcohol