7.3 Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
- What is the primary cause of bone fractures?
A
Trauma is the main cause, with additional risk from underlying conditions.
2
Q
- Name common conditions that increase fracture risk.
A
Osteoporosis, brittle bone disease, cancers, CKD, malabsorption disorders.
3
Q
- What are the four main phases of fracture healing?
A
Inflammation, soft callus formation, hard callus formation, and remodeling.
4
Q
- What occurs during the inflammatory phase?
A
A hematoma forms and inflammatory cells are recruited.
5
Q
- What is soft callus formation?
A
Cartilage replaces the hematoma to stabilize the fracture.
6
Q
- What happens during hard callus formation and remodeling?
A
Woven bone forms and remodels into mature, strong bone.
7
Q
- What factors can impair fracture healing?
A
Poor blood supply, infection, unstable fixation, and inadequate nutrition.
8
Q
- How do hypertrophic and atrophic non-unions differ?
A
Hypertrophic non-union shows abundant callus but instability; atrophic non-union shows poor biological activity.
9
Q
- What are the individual consequences of fractures?
A
Pain, reduced mobility, chronic disability, and higher mortality.
10
Q
- What is the overall societal impact of fractures?
A
High healthcare costs, lost productivity, and need for long-term care.
