Surveillance Based Separation

Question 1

Provision of Standard Separation

Answer 1

• All flights on Class A
• IFR in Class C D and E
• IFR/VFR in Class C
• IFR/SVFR
• SVFR

Question 2

PSR and SSR Separation - Based on Radar Derived Info

Answer 2

• Applied between AC taking off and preceding departing AC
• Applied between AC taking off and other AC is receipt of surveillance service
• Provided that departing AC will be identified within 1nm of end of the rwy

Question 3

Application of SSR Alone

Answer 3

• Pilot informed of limitations of service
• IAW MATS Pt2
• To overcome temporary deficiencies within PSR cover, ie clutter
• Immediately after PSR failure for minimum time necessary to establish procedural separation
• Not to be used to provide horizontal separation if any doubt about accuracy of position symbol

Question 4

Loss of Separation

Answer 4

• Use every means to obtain required minimum with least possible delay
• Pass TI or essential TI

Question 5

Essential Traffic

Answer 5

• Traffic which is separated for any period by less than the specified standard separation

Question 6

Controller’s Reaction to GPWS

Answer 6

• Message acknowledged and appropriate pressure setting passed
• Restore any eroded separation ASAP

Question 7

Controller’s Reaction to STCA

Answer 7

• Assess situation without delay

- Take action to ensure that applicable separation minimum will not be infringed

Question 8

Use of Speed Control

Answer 8

• Limited to establish/maintain a desired separation, DM or spacing
• Pilot advised when no longer required
• Must be appropriate to the phase of flight
• Frequent changes should be avoided

Question 9

Situations where Speed Control is not applied

Answer 9

• In holding patterns, other than where published

- In areas of TS or known turbulence

Question 10

Speed Control - Arriving and Descending AC

Answer 10

• Instructions to maintain high ROD and reduce speed should be avoided
• Where possible, AC should be allowed to descend at own preferred speed
• AC speed restrictions should not differ significantly from 1 controller to another
• AC transferred from enroute to approach; 250-300kts, or by coordination
• AC should be allowed to fly in a clean config for as long as possible

Question 11

Speed Control - Arriving and Descending AC below FL150 and within 20 miles of TH

Answer 11

• Below FL150; Not less than 210kts (200kts prop)
• Within 20 miles of TH; 150-180kts
• Should not applied after passing 4nm from TH

Question 12

Departing AC - Minimum Speeds

Answer 12

• Jets; 230kts
• Non jet; 150kts
• Heli; 60kts

Question 13

Unknown AC

Answer 13

• A position symbol which cannot be associated with an AC known by the controller to be operating withing the AS concerned

Question 14

Unknown AC - Class A

Answer 14

• TI passed

- Traffic avoidance given

Question 15

Unknown AC - Class C

Answer 15

• IFR; TI passed and traffic avoidance given

- VFR; TI passed, avoidance on request

Question 16

Unknown AC - Class D

Answer 16

• IFR; TI passed and traffic avoidance given

- S/VFR; TI passed and avoidance on request

Question 17

Unknown AC - Class E

Answer 17

• IFR; TI passed and avoidance on request

- Participating VFR; TS - TI passed, BS - TI if able

Question 18

Unknown AC - Class F

Answer 18

• Participating IFR; TI passed and avoidance on request

- Participating VFR; TI passed as far as possible

Question 19

Unknown AC - Class G

Answer 19

• DS; TI passed and avoidance advice given

- TS; TI passed

Question 20

Traffic Avoidance - IFR under RCS

Answer 20

• Seek to achieve required minima
• Pilot must comply with instructions
• Class D/E; Limited to TI if pilot reports traffic in sight and maintaining own separation

Question 21

Traffic Avoidance - S/VFR under RCS

Answer 21

• S/VFR traffic avoidance requested; Not required to achieve separation minima
• AA shall be aimed at ensuring that the risk of collision is reduced as far as possible
• Pilot compliance subject to prevailing met conditions
• Controller shall advise pilot when conflict no longer exists
• Observed code infringing AS; Contact relevant Unit and agree CoA

Question 22

Passing TI to AC

Answer 22

• Bearing from AC in terms of 12 hr clock, or cardinals if manoeuvring
• Distance from AC in miles
• Direction of which unknown AC is proceeding
• Height info, where available
• Speed, if considered necessary
• AC type, if considered relevant
• Relative movement; Crossing, Ahead, Behind

Question 23

When are the vertical intentions of an AC outside CAS are considered known?

Answer 23

• AC provided with DS/TS/PS
• AC under BS has agreed to maintain a level/level band
• AC not provided with ATS but subject to tactical coordination