Lecture 4: Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

How does the automatic nervous system regulate?

Answer 1

automatically

Question 2

what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 2

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 3

what does the sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 3

Prepares for fight or flight - speeds up heart rate

Question 4

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 4

it is discrete ad restorative - los down heart rate , promotes digestion

Question 5

which two systems are only sympathetic?

Answer 5

skin(sweating)
Adrenal Gland (increase and decrease the secretin of catecholamines)

Question 6

what are catecholamines ?

Answer 6

Hormones produced by the adrenal gland

Question 7

what is the sympathetic effect to the eye ?

Answer 7

pupillary dilation

Question 8

what is the sympathetic effect to the salivary glands ?

Answer 8

Vasoconstriction

Question 9

what is the sympathetic effect to the heart?

Answer 9

increase in heart rate

forced contraction

Question 10

what is the parasympathetic effect to the heart ?

Answer 10

decrease in heart rate

Question 11

what is the sympathetic effect to the blood vessels?

Answer 11

Constriction except in skeletal muscle and facial veins

Question 12

what is the parasympathetic effect to blood vessels?

Answer 12

Dilatation

Question 13

what is the sympathetic effect to the lungs?

Answer 13

Bronchial dilatation

Question 14

what is the parasympathetic effect to the lungs?

Answer 14

Bronchial constriction and mucus secretion

Question 15

what is the parasympathetic effect to GI tract?

Answer 15

increase in motility and secretion

Question 16

what is the sympathetic effect to the GI tract?

Answer 16

decrease in motility and secretion

Question 17

what is the parasympathetic effect to the eye?

Answer 17

pupillary constriction

Question 18

what is the parasympathetic effect to the salivary glands?

Answer 18

Vasodilatation

Question 19

what does the ANS do?

Answer 19

regulates bodily functions

Question 20

what are the two cholinergic receptors?

Answer 20

nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 21

what does a nicotinic receptor allow ?

Answer 21

cations to pass into the cell.
= positive charge
(excitation)
- fast response

Question 22

where is nicotinic found?

Answer 22

ANS and SNS

Question 23

what blocks nicotinic receptors?

Answer 23

currare (plant poison)

Question 24

what does a muscarinic receptor do?

Answer 24

produced second messengers which control ion channels leading to change in the membrane potential.

Question 25

what blocks muscarinic receptors?

Answer 25

Atropine

Question 26

what is faster muscarinic receptor or nicotinic ? which has a longer delay?

Answer 26

nicotinic

muscarinic is slow and has longer delay

Question 27

how does the SNS work?

Answer 27

1. accuse stressor
2. Amygdala: sensory link to emotion. sends distres signal to
3. hypothalamus (stressful ) base of brain
4. fight of flight
5. adrenaline and noradrenalin cause physiological reactions

Question 28

How does the ANS control heart rate?

Answer 28

1. SNS releases hormones which accelerated the heart rate

2. PNS releases hormones to slow done the heart rate

Question 29

which hormones speed up heart rate?

Answer 29

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 30

which hormones slow done heart rate ?

Answer 30

acetylcholine

Question 31

what happens to heart rate during exercise?

Answer 31

PNS not used, hr increases, SNS kick sin, hr increases more

Question 32

how does long term exercise effect the heart?

Answer 32

heart size increases and resting heart rate decreases