Chapter 5

Question 1

Obligate intracellular parasites

Answer 1

viruses

Question 2

Functions to Enclose the nucleic acid

genome and provide protection

Answer 2

Capsid

Question 3

The capsid is composed of protein subunits called

________.

Answer 3

Capsomeres

Question 4

Optional Bilayer membrane outside of the capsid

Answer 4

Envelope

Question 5

Viral genomes consist of either ______ or _____

Answer 5

DNA or RNA (Never both)

Question 6

Name the 5 stages of animal virus replication

Answer 6

1. Adsorption
2. Penetration/uncoating
3. Synthesis
4. Assembly
5. Release

Question 7

Responsible for attaching viruses to host cells

Answer 7

Glycoprotein Spikes

Question 8

The attachment of the virus to host cells

Answer 8

Adsorption

Question 9

The spectrum of hosts that a virus can infect

Answer 9

Host Range

Question 10

Refers to the specific kinds of cells a virus can

infect

Answer 10

Viral specificity

Question 11

Enzymes in the host cell dissolve the envelope and
capsid and the viral DNA or RNA is released into
the cytoplasm.

Answer 11

Uncoating

Question 12

The entry of virions (mature viruses) into the host

cell

Answer 12

Penetration

Question 13

In this stage of a virus cycle, Replication and

protein synthesis occur

Answer 13

Synthesis

Question 14

The process of putting together all the pieces to

make mature viruses

Answer 14

Assembly

Question 15

naked viruses and complex viruses are released

_________

Answer 15

Lysis of the host cell

Question 16

Enveloped viruses are released via ______

Answer 16

Budding through the host cell membrane

Question 17

Virus induced damage to the cell that alters its
microscopic appearance (shape, size or
intracellular arrangement ).

Answer 17

Cytopathic effects

Question 18

When viral DNA becomes incorporated into the

DNA of the host.

Answer 18

Provirus

Question 19

Mammalian viruses capable of initiating tumors (cancer)

are called

Answer 19

Oncoviruses

Question 20

Viruses that infect bacteria

Answer 20

Bacteriophages

Question 21

In the bacteriophage life cycle what stage is

eliminated

Answer 21

The uncoating stage

because during penetration only the viral DNA is injected

Question 22

A stable long term relationship between the phage
and its host in which the phage nucleic acid
becomes incorporated into the host nucleic acid.

Answer 22

Temperate (lysogenic) life cycle

Question 23

Research done inside a living system

Answer 23

In Vivo

Question 24

Research done outside of a living system (usually

in cell cultures)

Answer 24

In Vitro

Question 25

Individual animal cells grown in media

Answer 25

Cell cultures

Question 26

Used to observe degeneration and lysis of infected

cells within the cell culture line.

Answer 26

Plaque Assay

Question 27

Research indicates that they are normal proteins
that become folded incorrectly, possible as a result
of a mutation.

Answer 27

Prions