Paeds neuromuscular disorders

Question 1

What do upper motor neuron defects give rise to?

Answer 1

weakness, spacisity , hyperreflexia and extensor plantar response

Question 2

What does lower motor neuron defects give rise to?

Answer 2

Weakness, reduced tone and hypo- or areflexia

Question 3

when is the cerebral palsy onset?

Answer 3

before 2-3 years of age

Question 4

What causes Cerebral palsy?

Answer 4

insult to the immature brain, before during or after birth

Question 5

How many cases of cerebral palsy are due to problems during labour

Answer 5

1 in 10

Question 6

What is the most common form of Cerebral palsy?

Answer 6

Spastic

Question 7

What causes spacisity CP?

Answer 7

injury to the motor cortex, upper motor neurons or corticospinal tract

Question 8

what are other types of CP?

Answer 8

Ataxic and athetoid

Question 9

Damage to where causes ataxic CP?

Answer 9

the cerebellum

Question 10

Damage to where causes athetoid CP?

Answer 10

extrapyramidal motor system, pyramidal tract and basal ganglia

Question 11

What is hemiplegic?

Answer 11

ipsilateral upper and lower limb

Question 12

What is spina bifida?

Answer 12

congenital disorder where the two halves of the posterior vertebral arch fail to fuse?

Question 13

When does spina bifida start to occur?

Answer 13

in the first six weeks of gestation

Question 14

what is the mildest form of spina bifida?

Answer 14

spina bifida occulta

Question 15

What is polio?

Answer 15

viral infection which affects motor anterior horn cells in the spinal cord or brainstem

Question 16

What occurs as a result of Polio?

Answer 16

results in a lower motor neurone deficit