Lecture 8 Child Anxiety

Question 1

Internalising disorders

Answer 1

anxiety disorders

mood / depressive disorders

Question 2

externalising disorders

Answer 2

ODD
ADHD
conduct disorder

Question 3

developmental disorders

Answer 3

autism

learning disorders

Question 4

DSM-4 Anxiety disorders (same as adults)

Answer 4

• specific disorders
• OCD
• GAD
• PTSD
• social phobia
• panic disorder

Question 5

1 category specific to childhood onset

Answer 5

SAD (before age 18)

Question 6

diagnostic issues

Answer 6

• limited validity– of differentiation among anxiety disorders
• not as specific compared to adults
• anxiety vs depression– hard to differentiate– child hard to express what they feel

Question 7

DSM-5 Anxiety disorders (order of onset)

Answer 7

• SAD
• Selective mutism
• specific phobia
• social anxiety disorder– adolescence
• panic disorder
• agoraphobia
• GAD

Question 8

SAD

Answer 8

A. developmentally inappropriate, rly scared or anxious about separation from caregiver
B. fear, anxiety, or avoidance– persistent, lasting at least 4 weeks in kids and 6 months for adults
C. disturbance– clinically sig. impairment
D. not better explained by another disorder

Question 9

SAD severity

Answer 9

depends on parents’ response

Question 10

GAD

Answer 10

A. excessive anxiety and worry, occurs more day than not for at least 6 months-- about # of events (school work, school performance) 
B. Hard to control worry 
C. anxiety and worry associated with 3 or more 6 symptoms (but for children, only 1 required)
   - restlessness 
   - easily fatigued
   - difficulty concentrating
   - irritability 
   - muscle tension 
   - sleep disturbance 
D. clinically sig. impairment 
E. not attributable to substance
F. not better explained by another disorder

Question 11

GAD in DSM-5

Answer 11

• rare in children
• have been worriers most of their lives
• onset= 30+ years

Question 12

GAD kids need to be able to

Answer 12

• imagine chains (what if, what if)
• need to think about future a lot
• can switch imagery–> verbal
• cog. avoidance theory of worry

Question 13

worrying in youth: cog. content in young adults

Answer 13

• worry more about: social outcomes, compared to physical stuff

Question 14

young adults rate social outcomes

Answer 14

less aversive, more likely to occur

Question 15

worrying in youth: cog. content in children

Answer 15

• worry more abt physical outcomes more than social stuff

Question 16

children rate social outcomes

Answer 16

• less aversive, more likely to occur

- worry about things they can’t control about and adults worry more about problem solving things

Question 17

moderated hierarchical regressions: older (10-12)

Answer 17

likelihood and cost explain worry equally

Question 18

moderated hierarchical regressions: younger (7-9)

Answer 18

only cost has unique association with worry

Question 19

Anxiety disorder treatment

Answer 19

• biological= SSRI
• psychological= CBT– cog. restructuring, exposure= positive reinforcement
• importance of parental involvement