7.human Nutrition

Question 1

Describe what is meant by a balanced diet

Answer 1

Diet that contains all the required nutrients

Question 2

Sate the sources and importance of all the food groups

Answer 2

Check book

Question 3

State the causes of scurvy and rickets

Answer 3

Scurvy - vitamin C
rickets - vitamin D

Question 4

Identify in diagram the whole digestive system with 12

Question 5

Identify in diagram the whole digestive system with g

Question 6

Explain full digestive system using white board

Question 7

All enc. zymes, where they’re produced, where they act, substrate and products

Question 8

Explain the role of mechanical digestion

Answer 8

Breaks up Food into smaller molecule, without chemical change and increases surface area for enzyme action

Question 9

Describe now food is moved along the small intestine

Answer 9

By peristalsis, circular muscle contract and relax to push food, circular und longitudinal muscle work. Antaganostically

Question 10

Some cells on surface of villi secrete mucus for protection, suggest what the villi needs to be protected against

Answer 10

Needs to be protected against enzymes and stomach acid

Question 11

Gall stones block flow of bile how does this affect

Answer 11

No bile secreted, no bile salts enter SI
No emulsification of fat
Solower digestion .

Question 12

How does bacteria on tooth cause decks

Answer 12

Bacteria feeds on sweet foods; it forms plaques it respires producing lactic acid which dissolves the enamel and causes decay

Question 13

How does bacteria on tooth cause decks

Answer 13

Bacteria feeds on sweet foods; it forms plaques it respires producing lactic acid which dissolves the enamel and causes decay

Question 14

Describe plussical and chemical digestion

Answer 14

Phy-breakdown of food ‘i into smaller pieces without chemical change
Ch- break down of large insoluble molecule to smal soluble molecule

Question 15

Function of hydrochloric acid

Answer 15

Kids harmful microorganism in food and provides an acidic ph for optimum enzyme activity

Question 16

Explain the role of bile

Answer 16

Physical - bile embellishes fats and oils to increase SA for chemical digestion

Bile is an alkaline mixture that neutralises the acidic mixture of food and gastric juices entering the duodenum from the stomach to provide a suitable ph for enzyme activity

Question 17

Where are nutrients absorbed

Answer 17

Small intestine

Question 18

Adaptations of small intestine

Role of capillary and lacteaks

Answer 18

The ileum is adapted for absorption as it is very long and has a highly folded surface with millions of villi (tiny, finger like projections)
These adaptations massively increase the surface area of the ileum, allowing absorption to take place faster and more efficiently

Microvilli on the surface of the villus further increase surface area for faster absorption of nutrients
Wall of the villus is one cell thick meaning that there is only a short distance for absorption to happen by diffusion and active transport
Well supplied with a network of blood capillaries that transport glucose and amino acids away from the small intestine in the blood
Lacteal runs through the centre of the villus to transport fatty acids and glycerol away from the small intestine in the lymph

Question 19

Where is mos t water absorbed

Answer 19

SI but some in colon

Question 20

Describe the structure of villus