7th Grade Science Final Flashcards
(208 cards)
1
Q
TF: A total solar eclipse is usually longer than a total lunar eclipse
A
False
2
Q
TF: The back side and the dark side of the moon are the same
A
False
3
Q
TF: A full moon always rises at sunset and sets at sunrise
A
True
4
Q
TF: Moon origin theories are a direct reflection of the worldviews of the scientists who created them
A
True
5
Q
TF: Prominences are loops of solar plasma that rise and fall from the sun’s surface
A
True
6
Q
TF: Some rilles may be shrinkage cracks in the moon’s crust
A
True
7
Q
TF: A solar flare is a glowing sheet of light above the earth’s North and South pole
A
False
8
Q
TF: The defined lengths of time for the terms day, month, and year vary depending on the perspective from which they are viewed
A
True
9
Q
TF: Earth tides are the changes of local ocean height one or more times a day at a given location
A
True
10
Q
TF: The lunar seas contain the largest masses of frozen water anywhere in the solar system other than the earth
A
False
11
Q
TF: The sun is located in the center of the Milky Way Galaxy
A
False
12
Q
TF: The moon is more spherical than the earth
A
True
13
Q
TF: Sunspots usually last no longer than several hours
A
True
14
Q
TF: The process of nuclear fission within the sun releases an enormous amount of energy
A
False
15
Q
TF: Earth is the 3rd planet from the sun
A
True
16
Q
TF: Most meteors burn completely before reaching Earth’s surface
A
True
17
Q
TF: Generally, the main difference between an asteroid and a meteoroid is their size-astronomers are able to see asteroids from the ground with a telescope
A
True
18
Q
TF: A comet’s tail points away from the sun due to inertia as it swings around the sun in its orbit
A
False
19
Q
TF: It is possible, but not likely, that earth could be struck by and asteroid
A
True
20
Q
TF: Ceres is the largest asteroid
A
False
21
Q
TF: Pluto’s orbit at times comes inside Jupiter’s orbit around the sun
A
False
22
Q
TF: Most of Jupiter’s interior is probably made up of the gas Hydrogen
A
False
23
Q
TF: An observer on Mars could possibly observe earth in a transit of the sun
A
True
24
Q
TF: Biologists assume that water on other planets and moons is necessary for the appearance of life even though the they have been unable to explain how life began here on earth
A
True
25
TF: Jovian planets are sometimes called the "gas giants"
True
26
TF: A planet moves faster when it is at its perihelion than when it is at it's aphelion
True
27
TF: Critics of the Copernican Theory were more concerned about the significance of moving humans from the center of the universe than about simply changing the arrangements of the solar system
True
28
This type of test requires a porcelain plate and is more reliable than the color test
Streak
29
____ is a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid
Minerals
30
____ is the study of minerals
Mineralogy
31
____ is the breaking of a mineral into uneven pieces
Fracture
32
____ is the quality of light that is reflected
Luster
33
____ is the type of test that uses a Geiger counter
Radioactivity
34
____ are pure substances and are placed in families to be studied based on chemicals
Compound Minerals
35
Silver and copper are examples of ____
Metals
36
____ is the person who studies minerals
Mineralogist
37
____ is the test that uses the Moh's scale placing diamonds at the top and talc at the bottom
Hardness
38
Many minerals have the same ____ making this test not reliable
Color
39
____ is the breaking of a mineral along a certain plane
Cleavage
40
____ are minerals that are made up of a kind of element: examples could include gold, silver, copper, and sulfur
Native Minerals
41
A diamond is an example of ____
Non-metals
42
This type of physical property can be microscopic or large enough to see
Crystal shape
43
____ is felsic lava without dissolved gas, glassy appearance, known as volcanic glass
Obsidian
44
____ is the scientist who studies rocks
Petrologist
45
____ have large mineral grains
Course grains
46
____ rock is made out of sediments
Sedimentary
47
____ is a type of sedimentary rock that has pebbles, sand grains, and clay particles
Clastic
48
____ rock was once another type of rock
Metamorphic
49
____ is a type of sedimentary rock that is formed by chemical precipitation
Non-Clastic
50
____ is felsic lava with dissolved gas, foams, and will float
Pumice
51
____ rock comes from volcanoes and contain silicate materials
Igneous
52
____ is basaltic lava, frothy and bubbly, and produces sharp edged sponge like rock
Scoria
53
____ is a solid material in the earth's crust, is naturally combination of minerals or other materials
Rocks
54
In what phase of its cycle must the moon be for a total lunar eclipse to take place?
Full Moon
55
The vernal equinox occurs when?
March 20th
56
We call the 365 named days from January 1st to December 31st an ____ _____
Calendar Year
57
What do we call the lunar phase when the eastern half of the moon is lighted?
First Quarter
58
During the first half of the lunar month, the moon is said to be
Waxing
59
The apparent path that the sun follows through the stars as seen from Earth's perspective is called
The Ecliptic
60
What theory states that the earth and moon both originally solidified from the same cloud of dust?
Accretion Theory
61
The moon has long narrow valleys called _____ located mainly in the level plains?
Rilles
62
Most lunar craters appear to have formed
At Creation
63
Compared to the earth, the average density of the moon is
Less Dense
64
The moons has a nearly perfect spherical shape because
God created it that way
65
Severe solar storms that can disrupt telecom on Earth are called
Solar Flares
66
What high-speed particles is the solar wind composed of?
Protons and Electrons
67
Compared to the temperature of a photo-sphere, the temperature of the corona is
Much higher
68
In what part of the sun are the thermonuclear reactions believed to occur?
Core
69
The sun's surface exists in what state of matter?
Plasma
70
The sun is composed mostly of
Hydrogen
71
An astronomical unit is defined as the distance between the
Earth and Sun
72
The source of the matter that makes up the tail of a comet is
Its Nucleus
73
The asteroid belt lies between
Mars and Jupiter
74
Which part of the IAU definition of a planet did Pluto and the other dwarf planets not satisfy?
The satisfy none of the characteristics of a planet
75
Which planet has the largest known volcano in the solar system?
Mars
76
Which of the planets has rings?
Neptune and Uranus
77
The Jovian planets are distinct from the other planets in the solar system because
They are mostly composed of Gas
78
Which two terms describe Mars?
Superior and Terrestrial
79
Which planet is 1.00 AU from the sun?
Earth
80
The planet that is the brightest
Venus
81
When astronomers look for sign of life in the solar system, they look for
Liquid Water
82
The fastest revolving planet
Mercury
83
The goe-centric theory was useful because
It provided a workable model of the sky and the objects in it
84
What early assumptions of the Heliocentric theory caused it to not be accurate?
Planets move in circular orbits isn't true
85
____ is an oil
Petroleum
86
____ is the study of fossils
Peleontology
87
____ is a fossil fuel that includes lignite
Coal
88
____ are any remains or traces of formally living organisms
Fossils
89
____ include amber, ice, and asphalt
Fossil Traps
90
____ fossils have no actual remains and the hard parts are dissolved into minerals
Petrified
91
____ are formed from death and decay along with rapid burial
Fossils
92
Paleontologists use the ____ system of classifcation
Linnaeus'
93
____ includes methane
Natural Gas
94
Most fossils are from ____ organisms
Marine
95
The majority of fossils are found in ____ rock
Sedimentary
96
Evolutionists are still looking for the _____ to show how evolution has occured
Transitional Form
97
Scientists classify fossils using the genus and species of origin forming the _____
Scientific name
98
____ are all deposits of sediment from glaciers
Glacial Drift
99
____ are large masses of dense ice that flows under the influence of gravity
Glaciers
100
____ can move from gravity alone, creep, slump, etc.
Mass wasting
101
Features that flowing ____ can form are deltas and flood plains
Water
102
____ Happens when some environmental factor breaks down soil
Weathering
103
____ weathering breaks down rock through chemical changes
Chemical
104
____ can advance or retreat forming cirques and fiords
Glaciers
105
____ are ridges of till and can be terminal
Moraines
106
____ is the most important factor that geologists deal with
Gravity
107
Erosion and deposition have important ____, such as gravity, water, wavers, wind, and glaciers
Agents
108
____ glaciers are high in the mountains
Valley
109
____ glaciers cover a continent
Continental
110
____ glaciers are found at the base of a mountain
Piedmont
111
The factors that affect ____ weathering are frost wedging
Mechanical
112
____ picks up and moves particles, wind and water are the main causes
Erosion
113
____ is second only to water for soil removal
Wind
114
The atmosphere was formed by
A direct act of God during Creation Week
115
Who was called the Father of Chemistry
Antoine Lavoisier
116
The most significant role of nitrogen in the atmosphere
To Dilute Oxygen
117
The most abundant gas in the homosphere is
Nitrogen
118
The largest carbon reservoir in the carbon cycle is found in
The Atmosphere
119
____ helps to convert atmospheric nitrogen to a usable organic form
Lightening
120
The gas called Ozone if composed of
Oxygen Atoms
121
Nearly every year, a thin spot in the Ozone layer develops over
Antarctica
122
____ atmospheric layer affect radio communications
Ionosphere
123
____ is most effective protecting the earth from a solar flare
Magnetosphere
124
Weather condition that results in the earth's surface absorbing most of the heat
Clear and cold with low humidity
125
The most concentrated form of solar energy at the earths surface occurs when
The rays come from straight overhead
126
Example of Conduction
The earths surface warming the air directly above it
127
The density currents that cause a mixing of the air are an example of
Convection
128
Not directly affected by variations of oxygen levels in the atmosphere
Greenhouse warming of the earth
129
Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause what in humans
Eye damage, skin cancer, and sunburn
130
TF: Old Earth scientists believe that the early earth had no free oxygen in its atmosphere
True
131
TF: The atmosphere is not clearly mentioned in Genesis
True
132
TF: The percentage of gases in the homosphere remain relatively constant
True
133
TF: since warm air rises, the troposphere is the only atmospheric layer to have winds
False
134
TF: The troposphere is the only atmospheric layer to have winds
False
135
TF: Ammonia is a compound that contains nitrogen
True
136
TF:Auroras occur when charged particles escape from the ionosphere into the magnetosphere
False
137
TF: most of the suns energy makes it to the earths surface
False
138
TF: Infrared rays are a form of thermal radiation
True
139
The scientific study of the atmosphere
Meteorology
140
wind typically blows from areas of ____ to areas of ____
High pressure, low pressure
141
The paths winds follow between cyclones and anticycles are not due to
temperature differences
142
The global winds that drive most weather in the US
Prevailing westerlies
143
Sea breezes are caused by
land absorbing the sun's energy more rapidly than the water does
144
water cannot enter the atmosphere by
condensation
145
Prefix used when naming mid-altitude clouds
Alto
146
Which type of cloud never produces rain
Cirrus
147
Which word is not associated with cirrus clouds
Supercooled Water
148
In what type of clouds does hail usually form?
Cumulonimbus
149
What is not a form of precipitation
Dew
150
Natural, unpolluted rainwater is
Acidic
151
TF: A northeast wind is one that blows towards the northeast
False
152
TF: The higher the temp of the air, the more moisture it can hold
True
153
TF: The Coriolis Effect increases as latitude increases
True
154
TF: The horse latitudes exist only in the Northern Hemisphere
False
155
TF: Some butterflies have migrated from Canada to Mexico
True
156
TF: Nimbus-type clouds often bring rain
False
157
The weather in an area stays virtually the same for an entire week. What kind of front exists between the nearby air masses?
Stationary
158
The rain shadow effect on one side of a mountain range is caused by
Orographic lifting
159
Winds flowing from different directions that come together forcing air masses up is called
Convergence
160
A Hook appearance on Doppler radar image of a severe storm is often the sign of a
Tornado
161
A winter storm system that brings snow in from the Atlantic Ocean
Nor'easter
162
Not associated with a cumulonimbus cloud
Hurricanes
163
If there are 3 seconds between the lightning flash and the sound of thunder, how far did the sound travel?
1 km
164
Which kind of violent storm has the greatest wind speed?
Tornado
165
Not associated with tornadoes
Saffir-Simpson scale
166
Names are assigned to which storms
Tropical cyclones and storms
167
What effects the path of a hurricane
Jet stream, pressure systems, and trade winds
168
TF: Air masses usually originate in windy locations, allowing them to move into other regions
false
169
TF: Air masses of differing temps and humidities often mix
False
170
TF: most interactions among air masses cause precipitation
True
171
TF: Thunderstorms develop only in the summer when the air is moist and wet
False
172
TF: Tornadoes are more common and powerful in the USA than any other country
True
173
TF: It is extremely low pressure inside a tornadoes funnel that can cause buildings to explode
False
174
TF: Hurricanes never form over land
True
175
TF: In the western pacific, hurricanes are called typhoons
True
176
TF: Pressure in the eye of a hurricane is lower than in the outer parts of the hurricane
True
177
TF: A hurricane's storm swell causes storm surge
False
178
TF: The National Weather Service releases a set of four synoptic maps daily
True
179
TF: The VEI scale is a measure of the volume of rock discharged during an eruption
False
180
TF: Cinder cones can be produced in just one short eruption
True
181
TF: A pyroclastic flow of "glowing avalanche" contains both gases and hot solid particles
True
182
TF: Basalt is a dark form of lava that has low viscosity and is molten at high temps
True
183
TF: The magma that eventually erupts from a volcano as lava first collects within a vent deep underground
False
184
Geothermal power plants
Cost less to operate than most other kinds of power plants
185
A spring that periodically ejects large quantities of hot water and steam is known as a
Geyser
186
A hydrothermal circuit is best seen in
The eruption of a geyser
187
The geothermal gradient is highest in the
Lithosphere
188
Batholiths and laccoliths are both types of
Plutons
189
Vertical is to dike as horizontal is to
Sill
190
The largest volcanic eruptions in history were similar to
Eruption that formed Yellowstone Caldera
191
The VEI of a volcano's eruption is based on
The amount of tephra produced, the height of the eruption cloud, and estimate of the explosion
192
from a young earth geology perspective, what kinds of volcanoes meet the USGS definition for an active volcano?
Active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes
193
What volcano is located in Washington?
Mt. Saint Helens
194
Not a term relating to activity levels of volcanoes?
Inert
195
Structure type most common in volcanoes
Stratovolcano
196
Flood basalts or basalt traps are
widespread, thick layers of lava covering millions of square miles
197
A volcanic crater is most clearly indicated on a topographic contour map by
Hatched circular contour lines
198
Organisms that are the 1st step of the food chain around black smokers deep within the ocean
Bacteria
199
Where do most volcanoes occur in the Pacific oceanic plate?
At the plate's edge
200
most active volcanoes exist near
convergent tectonic plates boundaries
201
Smallest to largest items that come out of a volcano
Ash-Cinder-Bomb
202
A mudslide caused by a volcano is called a
Lahar
203
A rapid downhill movement of hot, solid, volcanic particles suspended in steam is a
Pyroclastic flow
204
The viscosity of lava depends mainly on its
Silica content
205
Looking at a volcano from a distance, the most recognizable feature is its
Cone
206
A volcano begins to form when magma forces its way to the surface and breaks through forming a
vent
207
The term volcano originally came from the name for
A Roman god
208
Volcanoes are made of _____ rocks
Igneous
