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AP GOV > 8-10 AP Gov Units > Flashcards

8-10 AP Gov Units Flashcards

1
Q

party polarization

A

gives voters choices
less compromise

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2
Q

political parties vs interest groups

A

political parties want to elect and win
interest groups want to influence who wins

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3
Q

3 heads in the giant

A

the voter, organizations, and politicians

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4
Q

who is the key to winning elections?

A

the moderates

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5
Q

% democrat

A

30

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6
Q

% republican

A

23

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7
Q

% Ind

A

42

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8
Q

democrats were dominant, republicans slowly gaining, never majority, independents MOST important

A

yup

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9
Q

ticket splitting

A

voters vote democrat sometimes, repubulican other, independents other times…

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10
Q

party organizations are centralized or decentralized

A

decentralized

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11
Q

voter turnout for primary vs general election

A

primary election is roughly 50% of the general election

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12
Q

unique trait about american political parties

A

you can self-claim, no fee to be in that party. LOOSELY CONNECTED

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13
Q

open primary

A

does not require voters to be affiliated with a political party in order to vote for partisan candidates

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14
Q

Realignment

A

When an issue or set of circumstances causes a shift in the party base of each party (party switch)

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15
Q

Dealignment

A

More voters are calling themselves independents and no party is clearly dominates (growth of ind party)

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16
Q

closed primary

A

only registered members of a particular political party can vote.

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17
Q

who decides open or closed primary for each state?

A

states

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18
Q

Michigan is a … primary

A

OPEN

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19
Q

national convention held every … years

A

4

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20
Q

main tasks for parties at this convention

A
  1. choose a presidential nominee
  2. write parties platform (ideals)
  3. unify party
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21
Q

normal taks of parties

A

hire staff
raise money
pay bills
attend to daily chores

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22
Q

party coalitions

A

group of individuals who associate w a party because of their shared interests (blacks - democrats) (whites - republicans)

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23
Q

types of 3rd parties

A
  1. party promotes a certain topic
  2. splinter parties
  3. extensions of pop ppl
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24
Q

what do 3rd parties do

A

not win, but influence the discussion

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25
Q

winner take all system

A

whoever wins the most counties wins the whole state

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26
Q

types of campaigns

A

nomination campaigns (for the nomination)
elections campaigns (for the seat)

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27
Q

invisible primary

A

the period before the any votes are cast. where canidates compete to win support from elite of party

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28
Q

caucus

A

Caucuses are private meetings run by political parties.
LOW participation
iowa first

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29
Q

primary

A

statewide selection
new hamp first

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30
Q

frontloading

A

states do primaries to gain public attention

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31
Q

why do good EARLY in primary

A

if you do bad in the primary your support and money dries up fast

32
Q

television advertising

A

canidates control what gets out

33
Q

what kind of campaign system do we have?

A

candidate-centered politics
candidates, not political parties, have most of the initiative

34
Q

PAC

A

political action committee gathers money and donations

35
Q

FECA

A

federal election campaign act
sets up FEC

36
Q

FEC

A

regulates: MONEY SPENT AND COLLECTED

37
Q

Buckley v. Valeo

A

money = speech
no limit on candidates using their money
restricts the amount ppl can donate directly to the candidate (HARD MONEY LIMIT)

38
Q

soft money

A

for political parties who then help advertise for their candidate
can not be directly for a candidate
slight limit

39
Q

YUP

A

yes

40
Q

527

A

independent groups that support a candidate don’t explicitly support

41
Q

Citizens United v. FEC

A

no limits on independent groups just no communication with candidate (dark money)

Corporations = ppl

42
Q

super PAC

A

independent expenditure-only political action committees (super bc no limit on money spend)

43
Q

political efficacy

A

each vote counts

44
Q

Motor Voter Act

A

meant to help ppl register

45
Q

Photo ID Law

A

must have ID to vote
discriminatory
controversial

46
Q

policy voting

A

electoral choices made on the stance candidates take on issues and if they align with them (align the policy between voter and candidate)

47
Q

number of electoral votes total

A

538

48
Q

number of electoral votes to win

A

270

49
Q

dark money

A

fully unlimited

50
Q

november

A

general election

51
Q

december

A

electors decide winner of state

52
Q

january

A

gov declares winner of all

53
Q

who objects the change to the electoral system

A

those who benefit from it

54
Q

interest groups

A

organization of ppl with shared goals who enter political arena to achive these goals

55
Q

iron triangle

A

interest groups, gov agency, and congress

56
Q

what size interest group is best

A

small
organized + focused

57
Q

collective good

A

benefits all
ex: clean air

58
Q

freerider problem

A

those not participating recieve benefits of interest groups

59
Q

how to solve freerider

A

offer SELECTIVE benefits to those in the group

60
Q

lobbyists must report

A

WHO, HOW MUCH, AND WHAT THEY DISCUSSED

61
Q

biggest lobbist spenders

A

Pharmacuticals

62
Q

most important tools for lobbyists

A

money and info

63
Q

NOW

A

womens (equality)

64
Q

NRA

A

guns (public interest)

65
Q

Sierra Club

A

enviorment

66
Q

AARP

A

american association for retired ppl (public interest)

67
Q

EITC

A

earn income tax credit
poor ppl get tax money back

68
Q

Romneys Plan

A

parents get 4k for each child a year through deficit or increased tax from rich

69
Q

campaign contributions provide

A

ACCESS to decision makers

70
Q

revolving door

A

politician leaves the hill and becomes a lobbyist 70% follow this

71
Q

paid lobbyist

A

always lobbys for that company

72
Q

temperary lobbyist

A

for one issue

73
Q

most effective way for lobbiyists to convince politicians

A

job offers

74
Q

electioneering

A

actively working to help elect a candidate that supports the lobbyists position

75
Q

ligitating

A

engaging in legal proceedings that invalidate counters laws or bills

76
Q

lobbying

A

interest group has members hire a profesional firm to persuade officials to support

77
Q

lobbying

A

interest group has members hire a profesional firm to persuade officials to support

AP GOV (9 decks)

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