8. Adverse Reactions of Transfusions Flashcards
(25 cards)
Unusual symptom of TA-GVHD not seen in other tx rxns
Diarrhea
Non-immune mediated tx rx may involve what 3 things?
- Transfused component
- Pt’s underlying condition
- Method of infusion
Tx rxn that is 5x more frequent in women than men
Post transfusion purpura
Leading cause of transfusion associated fatalities?
TRALI
When do DELAYED transfusion rxns occur?
Days or weeks (4-14 days)
Volume overload secondary to rapid, high volume; severe hypoxia, increased BP, CVP, pulmonary edema, cardiac failure
TACO
Recipient leukocyte antibodies, transfused cytokines; fever, chills, rigors
Febrile nonhemolytic
Usual cause of AHTR?
ABO incompatibility
Iron overload, multi-organ failure => kidney, liver, heart
Transfusion hemosiderosis
Timeframe to be classified as an ACUTE transfusion rxn?
< 24 hrs
2 hallmarks of intravascular hemolysis that may occur during AHTR?
Hemoglobinemia
Hemoglobinuria
ABO incompability; fever, chills, pain, hypotension
Acute hemolytic
Anti-IgA in IgA-deficient recipient; respiratory distress, hypotension
Anaphylactic
Donor HLA or granulocyte antibodies; hypoxemia
TRALI
Plasma allergen; rash, hives, flushing
Allergic, mild
Treatment for transfusion hemosiderosis
Deferoxamine, deferiprone, defersirox
Red cell exchange
Anti-HPA-1a or other plt antibody; thrombocytopenia
PTP Post transfusion purpura
Primary or secondary alloimmunization; unexplained drop in hgb
Delayed hemolytic
Donor septicemia or contamination during phlebotomy or handling; fever, chills => gram stain, culture unit
Sepsis
5 antigens commonly implicated in DHTR
E, Jka, c, Fya, K
Symptoms are similar to AHTR = must rule out hemolysis
Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion rxn
Treatment for citrate toxicity transfusion reaction
CaCl
Viable donor lymphocytes attack recipient; fever, rash, diarrhea
TA-GVHD
Immune mediated tx rx may involve what 3 things?
- Antigen-antibody complexes
- Cytokine release
- Complement activation
