8 OPIOID ANALGESICS

Question 1

What is analgesics for? To treat?

Answer 1

Pain relief

Question 2

What are the two categories of analgesics?

Answer 2

Opioid and Non-opioid analgesics

Question 3

What are the three groups of opioid analgesics and their differences?

Answer 3

Semi-synthetic and naturally-occurring, from dried opium poppy
Synthetic agents, laboratory made

Question 4

What are the three families of endogenous opioids?

Answer 4

Endorphins
Enkephalins
Dynorphins

Question 5

This is an opioid that exert their effects by binding on receptors

Answer 5

Exogenous Opioid

Question 6

What are the three receptor types for opioids?

Answer 6

Mu, Kappa, Delta

Question 7

When do endogenous opioids get released?

Answer 7

Pain, stressful situations

Question 8

What are the classifications for agents for opioid analgesics?

Answer 8

Strong Agonist
Mild-to-Moderate Agonist
Mixed Agonist-Antagonist
Antagonist

Question 9

These drugs treat severed pain, high affinity to receptors

Answer 9

Strong Agonist

Question 10

Give drugs of strong agonist

Answer 10

Levorphanol
Meperidine
Methadone
Morohine
Oxymorphone

Question 11

These drugs stimulate opioid receptors but it doesnt have a high affinity

Answer 11

Mild-to-moderate agonists

Question 12

Give drugs that are Mild-to-moderate agonists

Answer 12

Codeine
Hydrocodone
Oxycodone
Propoxyphene

Question 13

These drugs have agonist and antagonist activity, ability to act differently at different receptors.

Answer 13

Mixed Agonist-Antagonist

Question 14

Give drugs that are mixed agonist-antagonist

Answer 14

Butorphanol
Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine
Pentazocine

Question 15

Drugs that block all opioid receptors

Answer 15

Antagonist Agents

Question 16

Give drugs that are antagonist agents

Answer 16

Nalmefene
Naloxone
Naltrexone

Question 17

Give some pharmacokinetics of opioid analgesics

Answer 17

Oral
Rectal
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Iontophoresis

Question 18

How do the insert their effect on CNS receptors

Answer 18

Exert analgesic by inhibiting afferent pain on ascending pain pathways

Question 19

Where does this inhibitory effect mediated in?

Answer 19

Presynaptic and postsynaptic synapses

Question 20

Opioid analgesics produce a number of central and peripheral side effects

Answer 20

Mental slowing and drowsiness
Respiratory depression
Orthostatic hypotension
Gastrointestinal distress

Question 21

Need to progressively increase the dosage of a drug to achieve a therapeutic effect when the drug is used for prolonged periods

Answer 21

Tolerance

Question 22

Onset of withdrawal symptoms when the drug is abruptly removed

Answer 22

Physical dependence