8 PPE Flashcards by Nino Miraglia

What is the most significant route of entry for hazmat and the protection used for it

Respiratory entry. Scba

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Ppe may include anything from

Structural gear, chem suits, body armor

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Basic types of breathing apparatus

Scba
  Closed circuit
  Open
Supplied air respirators SAR
air purifying respirators. APR
  particulate removing 
  Vapor and gas removing
  Combination
Powered air purifying respirators PAPRs

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Most important piece of Ppe

Scba

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Only Scba type allowed in hazmat

Open or closed circuit positive pressure

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Disadvantages of Scba

Weight
Limited supply and time
Change in profile, hider mobility
Limited vision and fog
Limited communication unless mic installed

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Air source not carried, face piece, belt or face regulator, comm system, up to 300’ hose, emergency escape lack or breathing support system.

Supplied air respirator SAR

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5-15 min of escape air incase of SAR hose damage

Small portable tank

SAR emergency breathing support system EBSS

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Filter canister or cartridge, removes specific contaminants. May be powered or not, don’t supply oxygen or stored air

Air purifying respirators

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Air purifying respirators that will not protect against chem bio radio

Half face APR

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Material compound or system that holds contaminants by absorbing

Sorbent

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Catalyst

Substance that effects rate of chem reaction with other substances

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No single canister, filter or cartridge can protect against all chem hazard. Therefore

The material involved must be known and right respirator element selected for it.

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APR limitations

Limited life of canisters
Need for atmosphere monitoring
Normal oxygen content in air required

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Precautions for APR usage

Know chemical or substance involved
Know concentration of substance in air
O2 between 19.5-23.5%
atmosphere below IDLH conditions

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Three categories of particulate removing filters

N non oil resistant
R resistant to oil
P use for oil or non oil lubricants present

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Dust masks are limited protection and can’t be used for

Chem hazards, small particles like asbestos

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Powered air purifying respirators use what to filter

Blower to pass outside air through canister and provide positive pressure for full face piece

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Chemicals may be absorbed into tourn out gear and cause

Repeated exposure to the wearer or reaction to another chemical at a later time. Might need replacing.

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High temperature ppe

Protect from high temp and short exposure, heat exceeds standard structural ppe.

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Proximity suits

Close approach to fire, aircraft, flammable liquids, shiny outside

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Fire entry suits

Work in total flame environments for short time. As high as 2000f. Not interchangeable, specific use.

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Limitations of high temp ppe

Heat stress to wearer, 
bulky,
Reduced mobility and vision
Limited communication
Request training and use for proficiency
Expensive
Limited exposure time

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Chemical protective clothing

CPC, not one suit for all. Chem and bio protection. Most are impermeable to moisture. Must be Deconed

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Two types of chemical protective clothing. CPC

Splash | Vapor protective

Liquid splash clothing

Encapsulating or non. Liquid splash. It not vapor or gas, nfpa 1992

Encapsulating suit

One piece, specified splash or vapor

Non encapsulating suit

Multi piece, coveralls, jacket, hood, seams are taped.

Limitations of non encapsulating suit

Protects splashes and dust but not gas and vapor No full body coverage, head and neck often exposed Traps body heat

Encapsulating or non, neither are resistant to

Heat or flame, projectiles

Liquid splash clothing is tested against penetration resistance of what according to nfpa 1992

``` Acetone Ethyl acetate 50/50 water sodium hydroxide 93. Percent sulfuric acid Tetrahydrofuran Dimethylformanide Nitrobenzene ```

Vapor protective clothing

Vapor gas and splash. Nfpa 1991 must be worn with positive pressure Scba, or combo with SAR. Part of level A

Limitations of vapor protective clothing

Not all chemical hazards are protected

Vapor protection suits are tested per nfpa 1991 against permeation from what chemicals

``` Acetone Adetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia Butadiene gas Carbon disulfide Chlorine Dichloromethane Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Hexane Hydrogen chloride Methanol Methyl chloride Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrahydrofuran Toluene ```

CPC and respirator management programs have two objectives

Protect wearer fro, health hazards and safety issues | Prevent injury from misuse or malfunction

A CPC management program must have the following elements

``` Hazard ID medical monitoring Environmental surveillance Selection, care, testing maintenance Training ```

Chemical passes through material on molecular level, sometimes without indication of it.

Permeation

Material characteristics are altered by chemical. Cracking, brittleness, disintegration, melting, discoloration, swelling, deterioration, loss of strength

Chemical degradation

Hazmat enters through opening or puncture. Rip, rare cut, seams, button holes zippers

Penetration

Service life on suits is different, may be labelled with

Reusable, multi use Limited use (not disposable) Disposable (one time use)

Tyvek suits can be used how many times

Once

Body armor types

Six types, but classes I-IV | Plates used in III-IV

Eps leves of suits. Also niosh, osha, and coast guard

A-D

Level a suits

Highest protection. Vapor, mist, gas, particles, not for operational level

Components of level a suit

Positive pressure, full face Scba. Fully enclosed, boots and gloves may be separate but are sealed. Nfpa 1991, outer and inner gloves, steel toe and Shank chem boots. Optional hard hat.radio inside.

Level b suit

Scba, splash highest respiratory, lesser skin, no vapor or gas, encapsulating or non.

Level c suits

Same as level b but respiratory is lower. is not Scba, rather APR or papr. O2 needs to be normal. Splash, no vapor or gas

Level d suits

Street clothes, firefighter ppe. No atmospheric hazard present. Chen boots steel toe and shank, safety goggles, hard hat, escape device, gloves or face shield optional. Only awareness level.

Erg with only reference what level suits

A and b because Scba is always recommended.

Over protection and under protection can be

Hazardous, and should be avoided

Selection factors for CPC

``` Cbrn hazards Environment Exposure duration Available ppe Compliance with regulations ```

CPC type selection factors for agencies

``` Clothing design Material chem resistance Physical properties. Puncture resistance, movement etc Ease of Decon Ease of maintaining and service Interoperability Cost ```

Structural turnouts can be used

In hazmat and wmd rescue scenarios. With limited exposure times and protective measures in place

Mission oriented protective posture MOPP suits

Military suits. Over garment hood boots gloves mask. 6 level (0-4 alpha.) higher the number, higher the level

MOPP level alpha is designed for

Upwind, little danger of vapor exposure

CPC is not designed with insulation and therefore

Must be taken into consideration for wearer in cold temps

Weak, cold clammy skin, heavy breathing, dizziness. Wake pule

Heat exhaustion

Heat stroke.

Fever 105 and up red hot dry skin, rapid strong pule, deep breathing, convulsions

Methods to reduce heat exposure and illness

``` Fluid consumption. Air cooling Ice cooling Water cooling Cooling vests Rehab areas Work rotation Proper fluids Physical fitness ```

Fluid consumption guidelines for managing heat and fluid loss

7 ounces 15-20 min better than drinking a lot at once. Chilled water before work, room temp water after work to not shock body core temp.

Cold exposure illness

Trench foot, frost bite, hypothermia.

Four environmental conditions leading to cold related inj

Low temp, high wind or chill, dampness, cold water

Medical monitoring before and after to track health. Checking what of the person

``` BP weight RESP Pulse Core body temp Ekg ```

Safety briefing will cover

``` Status of incident. identified hazards Site description Tasks to perform Expected duration of tasks Ppe requirements Monitoring requirements Notification of IDd risks ```

After using ppe at an incident it is important to

Fill out associated reports required by AHJ

Communication is important. What must be established to use other than radio

Hand signals, emergency signals

If possible, entry teams and back up personnel should have their own

Radio channels

Best way to avoid accidental exposure to hazmat while using suits

Following standard inspection, storage maintain and cleaning program and knowing ppe limitations. Keeping records

8 PPE Flashcards

(68 cards)