Chapter 0

Question 1

aliquot

Answer 1

portion

Question 2

analyte

Answer 2

substance being measured or detected

Question 3

aqueous

Answer 3

in water

Question 4

calibration curve

Answer 4

A graph showing the value of some property versus concentration of analyte. When corresponding property of an unknown is measured, its concentration can be determined from the graph.

Question 5

composite sample

Answer 5

A representative sample prepared from a heterogeneous material. If the material consists of distinct regions, the composite is made of portions of each region, with relative amounts proportional to the size of each region.

Question 6

decant

Answer 6

To pour liquid off a solid or, perhaps, a denser liquid. The denser phase is left behind.

Question 7

heterogeneous

Answer 7

Not uniform throughout.

Question 8

homgeneous

Answer 8

Having the same composition everywhere.

Question 9

interference

Answer 9

A phenomenon in which the presence of one substance changes the response in the analysis of another substance.

Question 10

masking

Answer 10

Process of adding a chemical substance (a masking agent) to a sample to prevent one or more components from interfering in a chemical analysis.

Question 11

qualitative analysis

Answer 11

Process of determining the identity of the constituents of a substance.

Question 12

quantitative analysis

Answer 12

Process of measuring how much of a constituent is present in a substance.

Question 13

quantitative transfer

Answer 13

Transfer of the entire contents from one vessel to another. This process is usually accomplished by rinsing the first vessel several times with fresh liquid and pouring each rinse into the receiving vessel.

Question 14

random heterogeneous material

Answer 14

A material in which there are differences in composition with no pattern or predictability and on a fine scale. When you collect a portion of the material for analysis, you obtain some of each of the different compositions.

Question 15

random sample

Answer 15

Bulk sample constructed by takking portion of the entire lot at random.

Question 16

sample preparation

Answer 16

Transforming a sample into a state that is suitable for analysis. This process can include concentrating a dilute analyte and removing or masking interfering species.

Question 17

sampling

Answer 17

The process of collecting a representative sample for analysis.

Question 18

segregated heterogeneous material

Answer 18

A material in which differences in composition are on a large scale. Different regions have obviously different compositions.

Question 19

slurry

Answer 19

A suspension of a solid in a solvent.

Question 20

species

Answer 20

Chemists refer to any element, compound, or ion of interest as a species. The word species is both singular and plural.

Question 21

standard solution

Answer 21

A solution whose composition is known by virtue of the way that it was made from a reagent of known purity or by virtue of its reaction with a known quantity of a standard reagent.

Question 22

supernatant liquid

Answer 22

Liquid remaining above the solid after a precipitation. Also called supernate.