Chapter 2

Question 1

absorption

Answer 1

Occurs when a substance is taken up inside another.

Question 2

acid wash

Answer 2

Procedure in which glassware is soaked in 3-6 M HCl for >1 h (followed by rinsing well with distilled water and soaking in distilled water) to remove traces of cations adsorbed on the surface of the glass and to replace them with H+.

Question 3

adsorption

Answer 3

Occurs when a substance becomes attached to the surface of another substance.

Question 4

ash-less filter paper

Answer 4

Specially treated paper that leaves a negligible residue after ignition. It is used for gravimetric analysis.

Question 5

buoyancy

Answer 5

Upward force exerted on an object in a liquid or gaseous fluid. An object weighed in air appears lighter than its actual mass by an amount equal to the mass of air that it displaces.

Question 6

buret

Answer 6

A calibrated glass tube with a stopcock at the bottom. Used to deliver known volumes of liquid.

Question 7

calibration

Answer 7

Process of relating the actual physical quantity(such as mass, volume, force, or electric current) to the quantity indicated on the scale of an instrument.

Question 8

desiccant

Answer 8

A drying agent.

Question 9

desiccator

Answer 9

A sealed chamber in which samples can be dried in the presence of a desiccant or by vacuum pumping or both.

Question 10

filtrate

Answer 10

Liquid that passes through a filter.

Question 11

green chemistry

Answer 11

Principles intended to change our behavior in a manner that will help sustain the habitability of Earth. Green chemistry seeks to design chemical products and processes to reduce the use of resources and energy and the generation of hazardous waste.

Question 12

hygroscopic

Answer 12

Readily picks up water from the atmosphere.

Question 13

ignition

Answer 13

The heating to high temperature of some gravimetric precipitates to convert them into a known, constant composition that can be weighed.

Question 14

meniscus

Answer 14

Curved surface of a liquid.

Question 15

mother liquor

Answer 15

Solution from which a substance has crystallized or precipitated.

Question 16

parallax

Answer 16

Apparent displacement of an object when the observer changes position. Occurs when the scale of an instrument is viewed from a position that is not perpendicular to the scale. The apparent reading is not the true reading.

Question 17

pipet

Answer 17

A glass tube calibrated to deliver a fixed or variable volume of liquid.

Question 18

slurry

Answer 18

A suspension of a solid in a solvent.

Question 19

tare

Answer 19

As a noun, tare is the mass of an empty vessel used to receive a substance to be weighed. As a verb, tare means setting the balance reading to 0 when an empty vessel or weighing paper is placed on the pan.

Question 20

volumetric flask

Answer 20

One having a tall, thin neck with a calibration mark. When the liquid level is at the calibration mark, the flask contains its specified volume of liquid at a specified temperature.