Fluid/Electrolyte MSC

Question 1

ECF

Answer 1

Extracellular fluid
Constant motion
contains ions/nutrients

Question 2

ICF

Answer 2

Intracellular Fluid
Inside Cells
Mechanisms for transporting ions

Question 3

Causes of Fluid Deficiency

Answer 3

Possible dehydration/shock

Question 4

TX Fluid Deficiency

Answer 4

Oral/IV fluids

Question 5

Causes of Fluid Excess

Answer 5

HTN, CHF, Edema

Question 6

TX of Excess Fluid

Answer 6

Diuretics

Question 7

ICF TBW

Answer 7

63-70%

Question 8

ECF TBW

Answer 8

30-37%

Question 9

ECF Components

Answer 9

Intravascular (whole blood)
Interstitial (Cells tissue surroundings)
Transcellular (fluid in defined spaces ie joint)

Question 10

Normal Osmolality

Answer 10

280-300 mOsm/kg of water

Question 11

Tonicity

Answer 11

cells swell or shrink

Impact of osmotic pressure

Question 12

Hypertonic IV Fluids Effect

Answer 12

shifts fluids into plasma

Question 13

Hypotonic IV Fluids Effect

Answer 13

shifts fluids into cells

Question 14

Crystalloids

Answer 14

Contain Electrolytes
Promote Urine Output ^
Involves Tonicity

Question 15

Colloids

Answer 15

Stay in Intravascular Space
Rapidly expand plasma volume
Increase osmotic pressure

Question 16

Crystalloids EX

Answer 16

Normal Saline, LR, 5% Dextrose

Question 17

Colloids EX

Answer 17

5% albumin
Dextran 40 in NS
Dextran 40 in water

Question 18

Isotonic Fluid Excess manifestations

Answer 18

^ Weight
Decreased plasma proteins
Distended neck veins
^ BP
^ capillary pressure
Edema
Decreased hematocrit
Decreased BUN
^ CO

Question 19

Isotonic Fluid Volume Excess TX

Answer 19

Restrict fluid intake

TX underlying issue

Question 20

Isotonic Fluid Deficit Manifestations

Answer 20

Decreased urine output 
Weight loss
^ hematocrit
Tachycardia
Decreased skin turgor
Decreased BP 
Hypovolemic Shock (potentially)
Increased BUN 
Increased serum osmolality 
Increased urine spec grav

Question 21

Isotonic Fluid Deficit TX

Answer 21

Increased oral fluid/IV fluids